Chapter 11 (Water) Class Activity concept Review with solution

interpreting Graphs and Data: Freshwater Resources Close to 75% dime fresh water used by people is used in agriculture, and abaul 1 0f every 14 people live where water is scarce, according lo a review by hydrologist J, 5 Wallace By me year 2050, scientists project man lwdilurds aflhe world's population will live in walerescarce areas, including rnosl oi Africa, Ihe Middle Easi, India, and China. How much water IS required 10 feed over 6 billion people a basic dielaiy requirement of 2,700 mlories per day7 The answer depends on the ef?ciency W?h which we use water in agricultural production and on [he Iype cl diet we consulneiF’gure 1) ure1 all < ) - Water used to produce food 5 - Calories per day 2500 2,000 1.500 1,000 Calories per day 500 Liters of water per calorie of food produced u. Vegetable Animal Type of food Part A: If the average global intake of vegetables is 2,300 calories per day, how many liters of water are needed to produce these vegetable calories? 11,500 liters 2,300 liters 1 liter 5 liters Part B: If the average global intake of animals is 400 calories per day, how many liters of water are needed to produce these animal calories? 2,000 liters 1 liter 400 liters 5 liters Part C: Compare the water needed for an average global diet versus a completely vegetarian diet. Assume 2,700 calories total per day. How many liters of water would be saved daily by a person on a completely vegetarian diet? 2,300 liters 2,700 liters 1,600 liters 4,300 liters Part D: Water is not equally distributed around the globe. In terms of water availability, which of the following regions would benefit most from a predominantly vegetarian diet? Africa and the Middle East Russia North and South America Europe Part E: If trends continue, global animal consumption will continue to increase. What are the most likely implications of this trend? Increased efficiency of water use in agriculture will allow for increased livestock production. The decrease in vegetable calories will offset the increased water needs for animal calories. Water shortages will increase as we use increasing quantities of water for livestock. The solution to increasing water needs for livestock is decreased nonagricultural water uses --------------------------- Q1: Which phenomenon shuts down the upwelling of nutrients along the western coast of South America? ntertidal reversal El Niño ocean acidification La Niña