Transcript
A comprehensive statistical analysis of
aggregate weather conditions for a specific
region
Average weather over a long period of time
Identical to the definition of meteorology
The weather occurring in the atmosphere at a specific place and time
1.1 The best definition of the term climate is:
A comprehensive statistical analysis of aggregate weather conditions for a specific region
Average weather over a long period of time
Identical to the definition of meteorology
The weather occurring in the atmosphere at a specific place and time
1.1 The best definition of the term climate is:
1.2 The basic elements of weather and climate
include all of the following EXCEPT:
The humidity of the air
The temperature of the air
The pressure of the air
The chemical composition of the air
The type and amount of clouds
1.2 The basic elements of weather and climate
include all of the following EXCEPT:
The humidity of the air
The temperature of the air
The pressure of the air
The chemical composition of the air
The type and amount of clouds
1.3 In the process of scientific inquiry, a theory
is best defined as:
The initial formulation of an idea based on a few observed facts
A “best guess” that may explain how something works, but is yet untested and unproven
A hypothesis that has been extensively tested and is generally accepted by the scientific community
A final solution to a scientific problem that is proven correct and will never be disproven
1.3 In the process of scientific inquiry, a theory
is best defined as:
The initial formulation of an idea based on a few observed facts
A “best guess” that may explain how something works, but is yet untested and unproven
A hypothesis that has been extensively tested and is generally accepted by the scientific community
A final solution to a scientific problem that is proven correct and will never be disproven
1.4 Most of all water on Earth is located in the:
Oceans
Atmosphere
Rivers
Groundwater
Streams
1.4 Most of all water on Earth is located in the:
Oceans
Atmosphere
Rivers
Groundwater
Streams
1.5 Most freshwater on Earth is stored in:
Glaciers
Oceans
Soil moisture
Atmosphere
Lakes and rivers
1.5 Most freshwater on Earth is stored in:
Glaciers
Oceans
Soil moisture
Atmosphere
Lakes and rivers
1.6 What percentage of all water on Earth is
freshwater?
2.8 percent
22.5 percent
50 percent
73.8 percent
90 percent
1.6 What percentage of all water on Earth is
freshwater?
2.8 percent
22.5 percent
50 percent
73.8 percent
90 percent
1.7 Which one of the following gases is the most abundant gas in dry air by volume?
Nitrogen
Ozone
Oxygen
Hydrogen
Argon
1.7 Which one of the following gases is the most abundant gas in dry air by volume?
Nitrogen
Ozone
Oxygen
Hydrogen
Argon
1.8 Which of the following gases is NOT a variable (trace) gas?
Carbon monoxide
Oxygen
Argon
Water vapor
Nitrous oxide
1.8 Which of the following gases is NOT a variable (trace) gas?
Carbon monoxide
Oxygen
Argon
Water vapor
Nitrous oxide
1.9 Scientists believe that a growing amount of this
gas in the atmosphere will probably bring about a warming of the lower atmosphere.
Nitrogen
Carbon dioxide
Oxygen
Argon
Hydrogen
1.9 Scientists believe that a growing amount of this
gas in the atmosphere will probably bring about a warming of the lower atmosphere.
Nitrogen
Carbon dioxide
Oxygen
Argon
Hydrogen
1.10 Water vapor represents what percentage
of the air in the troposphere?
Less than 4 percent
About 10 percent
Between 10 and 20 percent
About 20 percent
More than 20 percent
1.10 Water vapor represents what percentage
of the air in the troposphere?
Less than 4 percent
About 10 percent
Between 10 and 20 percent
About 20 percent
More than 20 percent
1.11 Which of the following is the most important atmospheric gas with regard to Earth’s weather?
Water vapor
Ozone
Oxygen
Nitrogen
Argon
1.11 Which of the following is the most important atmospheric gas with regard to Earth’s weather?
Water vapor
Ozone
Oxygen
Nitrogen
Argon
1.12 Atmospheric aerosols:
Are generated by both anthropogenic (human activities) and natural processes
May play a role in cloud formation
May influence air temperature
Include sea-salt crystals
All of these are correct
1.12 Atmospheric aerosols:
Are generated by both anthropogenic (human activities) and natural processes
May play a role in cloud formation
May influence air temperature
Include sea-salt crystals
All of these are correct
1.13 Which one of the following atmospheric gases in
the stratosphere is most important for
absorbing ultraviolet radiation?
Carbon dioxide
Water vapor
Clouds
Ozone
Methane
1.13 Which one of the following atmospheric gases in
the stratosphere is most important for
absorbing ultraviolet radiation?
Carbon dioxide
Water vapor
Clouds
Ozone
Methane
1.14 Atmospheric pressure is caused by:
Earth’s magnetic field
The weight of the air above
The rotation of Earth
Solar radiation
The gravitational pull of the moon
1.14 Atmospheric pressure is caused by:
Earth’s magnetic field
The weight of the air above
The rotation of Earth
Solar radiation
The gravitational pull of the moon
1.15 With an increase in altitude, air pressure:
Increases at a constant rate
Increases at a decreasing rate
Decreases at a constant rate
Decreases at a decreasing rate
Decreases at an increasing rate
1.15 With an increase in altitude, air pressure:
Increases at a constant rate
Increases at a decreasing rate
Decreases at a constant rate
Decreases at a decreasing rate
Decreases at an increasing rate
1.16 The rate at which temperature decreases with increasing altitude in the troposphere
is known as the:
Temperature slope
Environmental lapse rate
Sounding
Thermocline
Temperature gradient
1.16 The rate at which temperature decreases with increasing altitude in the troposphere
is known as the:
Temperature slope
Environmental lapse rate
Sounding
Thermocline
Temperature gradient
1.17 The troposphere is most likely to be thickest:
Over the North Pole
Over the Arctic Circle
Over the equator
At about 45° north and 45° south latitudes
Over the South Pole
1.17 The troposphere is most likely to be thickest:
Over the North Pole
Over the Arctic Circle
Over the equator
At about 45° north and 45° south latitudes
Over the South Pole
1.18 The “weather sphere” of the atmosphere is the:
Mesosphere
Ionosphere
Troposphere
Thermosphere
Stratosphere
1.18 The “weather sphere” of the atmosphere is the:
Mesosphere
Ionosphere
Troposphere
Thermosphere
Stratosphere
1.19 As we increase in elevation through the troposphere, stratosphere, and mesosphere, in
general terms, the temperature should change
with elevation in the following order:
Increase, decrease, increase
Increase, increase, decrease
Decrease, increase, decrease
Increase, decrease, no change
Decrease, increase, no change
1.19 As we increase in elevation through the troposphere, stratosphere, and mesosphere, in
general terms, the temperature should change
with elevation in the following order:
Increase, decrease, increase
Increase, increase, decrease
Decrease, increase, decrease
Increase, decrease, no change
Decrease, increase, no change
1.20 The aurora borealis:
Is typically strongest near the equator
Emits light as electrons move from higher
orbits around the nucleus to lower ones
Gains its energy from sunlight reflected from Earth
Is a different type of physical phenomenon than the aurora australis
The bending of light by air of different densities
1.20 The aurora borealis:
Is typically strongest near the equator
Emits light as electrons move from higher orbits around the nucleus to lower ones
Gains its energy from sunlight reflected from Earth
Is a different type of physical phenomenon than the aurora australis
The bending of light by air of different densities
