Ch. 8 Vocal Music, 1600-1650

Chapter 8 Vocal Music, 1600–1650 History of Music in Western Culture, 4e 8-1 © 2014 Education, Inc. By Mark Evans Bonds Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 Secular Song Italy: The Madrigal Through-composed setting of freely structured verse A cappella settings; and newer monodies for solo voice and basso continuo Concertato madrigal – any number of voices combined with instruments History of Music in Western Culture, 4e 8-2 © 2014 Education, Inc. By Mark Evans Bonds Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 Secular Song Italy: The Madrigal Claudio Monteverdi (1567–1643) Published nine books of madrigals Reflect all manifestations of the genre Used unconventional musical techniques on the basis of the text being set History of Music in Western Culture, 4e 8-3 © 2014 Education, Inc. By Mark Evans Bonds Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 Secular Song Italy: The Madrigal Francesca Caccini (1587–c.1641) Barbara Strozzi (1619–1677) History of Music in Western Culture, 4e 8-4 © 2014 Education, Inc. By Mark Evans Bonds Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 France: The Air de cour (“courtly air”) French academicians sought to recreate magical powers of ancient music suited to French language Jean-Antoine de Baïf (1532–1589) and his followers at the Academy of Poetry and Music developed system called “music adapted to ancient measure,” that is, prosody History of Music in Western Culture, 4e 8-5 © 2014 Education, Inc. By Mark Evans Bonds Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 Secular Song France: The Air de cour (“courtly air”) Tried to match French verse to quantitative principles of Greek and Latin poetry Syllables are differentiated by length (duration) rather than by weight (accent) Musical accompaniment rested not on basso continuo but on notated tablature for lute or other similar instruments History of Music in Western Culture, 4e 8-6 © 2014 Education, Inc. By Mark Evans Bonds Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 Secular Song France: The Air de cour (“courtly air”) Like madrigal, air de cour was first polyphonic but evolved into favored vehicle for solo voice and lute accompaniment History of Music in Western Culture, 4e 8-7 © 2014 Education, Inc. By Mark Evans Bonds Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 Secular Song Opera Drama sung in its entirety from beginning to end Monody – permitted a single voice to represent an individual character on stage History of Music in Western Culture, 4e 8-8 © 2014 Education, Inc. By Mark Evans Bonds Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 Opera Recitative permitted solo voices to declaim large quantities of text in rapid, comprehensible manner Recitative is largely syllabic singing with emphasis on declamation of text over creation of a melodic line Recitative more nearly approximates inflections of spoken speech while indicating specific pitches and rhythms to be sung History of Music in Western Culture, 4e 8-9 © 2014 Education, Inc. By Mark Evans Bonds Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 Opera Jacopo Peri, Giulio Caccini, Emilio de’ Cavalieri are three most important composers associated with – The Florentine Camerata Emergence of the seconda prattica Central roles in creating the new genre of opera History of Music in Western Culture, 4e 8-10 © 2014 Education, Inc. By Mark Evans Bonds Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 Opera Mixed recitative with polyphonic madrigals, arias (settings of strophic texts), choruses, and instrumental interludes First opera acknowledged to achieve satisfying musical and dramatic integration of recitative was Monteverdi’s Orfeo of 1607 History of Music in Western Culture, 4e 8-11 © 2014 Education, Inc. By Mark Evans Bonds Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 Venice, 1638. The city was the heart of the Venetian Republic, which prided itself on its perpetuation of the best traditions of ancient Rome. The Basilica of San Marco is visible near the center of this image. History of Music in Western Culture, 4e 8-12 © 2014 Education, Inc. By Mark Evans Bonds Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 Sacred Music Composers applied principles of seconda prattica to sacred music Claudio Monteverdi Heinrich Schütz – like Monteverdi, he never abandoned the prima prattica History of Music in Western Culture, 4e 8-13 © 2014 Education, Inc. By Mark Evans Bonds Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458