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First reaction requires thiamine pyrophosphate as a coenzyme

Description
The vitamin is structurally complex, but its conversion to the coenzyme form, thiamine pyrophosphate, or TPP, involves simply an ATP-dependent pyrophosphorylation.

Thiamine pyrophosphate is the coenzyme for al decarboxylations of a-keto acids.

Unlike b-keto acids, a-keto acids cannot stabilize the carbanion transition state that develops during decarboxylation, and they thus require the aid of a cofactor (TPP).

The thiazole ring of TPP is the functional part of the coenzyme, allowing it to bind and transfer activated aldehydes.
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