Arnett's research suggests that young adults today believe that adulthood is primarily defined
a. by the timing of achievements, such as marriage and parenthood.
b. on the basis of reaching a certain age.
c. on the basis of achieving certain roles, such as marriage and parenthood.
d. on the basis of more subjective judgments of psychological independence.
Q. 2How do sociologists classify actions like entry into marriage and becoming a parent?
a. As social constructions.
b. As dualistic decisions.
c. As adult rituals.
d. As marker events.
Q. 3If a client reports hearing voices, what might be a good follow-up question?
a) What are the voices saying?
b) How come you did not tell me this when you first came in?
c) Do you need some time alone?
d) Would you mind if I spoke with the voices?
Q. 4To understand parent-teen conflicts, it can be helpful for the counselor to understand the parents' and teen's views of parental control.
For example, teens often consider some aspects of parental control legitimate but not others. Which of the following kinds of rules governing behavior are teens most likely to feel that parents should not control?
a. Moral rules.
b. Conventional rules.
c. Personal rules.
d. Legal rules.
Q. 5Agnes and Paul, both 19 years of age, got married right after their high school graduation in 1945. Their first child was born a year later, when they were 20.
Agnes, like most other young women she knew, stayed home to raise her children and take care of the home. Paul found a good job at a nearby food processing plant. Given their generation, which of the following best defines this couple's stage of life at the age of 20?
a. Agnes and Paul were enmeshed adults because they were still relatively young and not completely autonomous.
b. Agnes and Paul were adults because they were married and had a child.
c. Agnes and Paul were not adults because they were not 21 years of age.
d. Agnes and Paul belong in the category called youth, because they continued to explore possibilities.
Q. 6In a study of American Indian families who moved out of poverty (the ex-poor), what were the effects on children's behavior?
a. The improvement in income had no discernable effects on children's behavior.
b. There was a significant decline in conduct disorder and oppositional defiant behavior.
c. There was a significant increase in depressive symptoms.
d. There was a significant increase in conduct disorder and oppositional defiant behavior.
Q. 7For an adolescent engaging in risky behavior (e.g., alcohol use), one strategy that counselors can use is to introduce dissonance into the discussion. Before a counselor can do so effectively, she must
a. provide factual lectures on the risks of alcohol use.
b. interview the teen about his or her own current beliefs and expectations.
c. establish a reward system for good behavior.
d. determine the extent of deviant behavior the adolescent has engaged in.
Q. 8Counselors need to be aware of social and cultural trends in adolescent behavior. For example, surveys of 8th to 12th graders in 2009-2011 showed that
a. teens' use of alcohol increased slightly.
b. teens' awareness of the risks of alcohol use has increased dramatically.
c. teens' use of alcohol has decreased dramatically.
d. alcohol and tobacco use by teens have both decreased.
Q. 9What are the three domains of the Mental Status Exam?
a) Physical, spiritual, cognitive
b) Physical, emotional, cognitive
c) Emotional, interpersonal, physical
d) Cognitive, interpersonal, physical
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