When encoding the message, the source should use signs that have:

Answer to #1

D

Answer to #2

Product placement involves placing any branded product into the content and execution of an established entertainment vehicle, one that is already in development or is in ongoing broadcast mode. Advertisers pay for the ability to expose or promote their brand by showing it in some way in a television show, film, video game, or novel, or by having it physically present at a sporting event, movie theater, festival, concert, or other public entertainment venue. It is most effective when used with other promotions.

Television shows are well-known formats for product placement, especially soap operas, reality shows, and sitcoms. Major movies have commonly included this type of promotional element since E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial featured Reese's Pieces. Product placement is often seen in movies when automakers feature particular vehicles during car chases. Product placement is increasingly seen in video games in the form of cars, snacks, beverages, and any number of goods that appear on virtual billboards and signage.

Product placement may or may not involve a celebrity connection, but either way, it can be difficult to measure. It works best when it is integrated well with the content, characters, and script so the presence of the product is believable and realistica concept referred to as having authenticity.

Answer to #3

C

Answer to #4

A

Answer to #5

The concept of Chaos Scenario was proposed by Bob Garfield of Advertising Age in his prediction of a mass exodus by advertisers as they flee from traditional media. His idea is that advertisers will continually shift their advertising dollars away from traditional formats because of ongoing audience fragmentation as well as technology that allows for ad-avoidance. He predicts that those ad dollars instead will be spent on new media, in a new advertising world that will not depend on 30-second television commercials or glossy magazine spreads. One repercussion will be seen in already-struggling networks that will get less funds to create quality programming, and will therefore lose even more audience members. The end result, he says, will be a rapid downward spiral of the old-fashioned media formats. It is impossible to say whether this mass exodus will actually happen, and traditional media will die (the authors argue against this in other chapters), but we are already seeing a shift in ad dollars from traditional media to new digital, mobile, and entertainment formats.

Answer to #6

D

Answer to #7

E

Answer to #8

E

Nice!