When the scale type is nominal, the appropriate measure of central tendency is _____. When the scale ...

When the scale type is nominal, the appropriate measure of central tendency is _____. When the scale type is interval or ratio, the appropriate measure of central tendency is:
 a. mode; mean.
  b. median; mean.
  c. mean; mode.
  d. mean; median.
  e. mode; median.

Question 2

If a respondent says his income is over 100,000 per annum when, in fact, it is 50,000 per annum, the difference between the true and actual measurement of income in this case could be said to LACK:
 a. reliability.
  b. validity.
  c. both a and b.
  d. neither a nor b.
  e. nominal scale.

Question 3

Consider the following question:
  How much would you be willing to pay in annual premium for a 100,000 home insurance policy? Check appropriate category:
  _____ < 25 per month
  _____ 26 to 40 month
  _____ 41 to 55 month
  _____ > 55 per month
 
  This is an example of a _____ scale.
 a. nominal
  b. ordinal
  c. interval
  d. ratio
  e. Likert

Question 4

Identify the type of scale from the following data.
 
  What is your gender? 1 Male 2 Female
 a. Nominal scale
  b. Ordinal scale
  c. Interval scale
  d. Ratio scale
  e. Likert scale

Question 5

What type of scale is the following?
 
  What was your annual gross income (before taxes) last year? _____.
 a. Nominal scale
  b. Ordinal scale
  c. Interval scale
  d. Ratio scale
  e. Constant-sum scale

Question 6

A study was done on the campus of a major state institution to measure attitudes of students toward the recent fee increase. One question asks respondents to rank the following five fees on a scale of 1 to 5, where 1 = most willing and 5 = least willing.
 
  _____ Computer fee
  _____ Library fee
  _____ Parking fee
  _____ Student Center fee
  _____ Kinesiology Building fee
 
  This is an example of a(n) _____ scale.
 a. nominal
  b. ordinal
  c. interval
  d. ratio
  e. none of the above

Question 7

Which of the following is FALSE?
 a. If a measure is reliable, it is not heavily influenced by transitory factors that cause random errors.
  b. If an item lacks correlation with other scale items measuring the same construct, there is evidence that the item does not belong and should be deleted.
  c. Systematic error is due to temporary aspects of the person or measurement situation, which affects the measurement in irregular ways.
  d. Reliability is necessary, but not sufficient, for establishing the validity of a measure.
  e. If a set of items all measures the same construct, the responses to the items should be correlated.

Question 8

When we repeat a measurement on an individual or group of individuals and do not get the same score as the first time we did the measurement (assuming the characteristic being measured has not changed), a _____ error is present.
 a. systematic
  b. researcher
  c. random
  d. scaling
  e. marginal

Question 9

One hundred sports writers are given a survey and asked to rank basketball players in categories such as rebounding, points scored, and assists. The results of the survey indicate that most sports writers agree on the top 10 players, within the given categories. This is evidence of:
 a. reliability.
  b. concurrent validity.
  c. efficacy.
  d. predictive validity.
  e. construct validity.

Question 10

Which of the following is TRUE?
 a. Three aspects of validity - pragmatic, content, and construct - are not only conceptually independent but are in actual practice rarely related to each other.
  b. A measure has been used repeatedly and has produced almost identical answers; therefore this instrument is valid.
  c. Random error is less troublesome than systematic error.
  d. Both a and b.
  e. a, b, and c.