Explain the process of natural selection. What will be an ideal ...

Answer to #1

The driving force behind the population ecology model of organizational birth is natural selection, the process that ensures the survival of the organizations that have the skills and abilities that best fit with the environment. Over time, weaker organizations, such as those with old-fashioned or outdated skills and competences or those that cannot adapt their operating structure to fit with changes in the environment, are selected out of the environment and die. New kinds of organizations emerge and survive if they can stake a claim to an environmental niche.

Answer to #2

The difference between a specialist and a generalist strategy is defined by the number of environmental nichesor sets of different resources (customers)for which an organization competes. Specialist organizations (or specialists) concentrate their competences and skills to compete for resources in a single niche. Generalist organizations (or generalists) use their well-developed competences to compete for resources in many or all niches in an environment.
By focusing their activities in one niche, specialists are often able to develop core competences that allow them to outperform generalists in that niche. Generalists can often outcompete specialists when there is considerable uncertainty in the environment and when resources are changing so that niches emerge and disappear continually. Generalists can survive in an uncertain environment because they have spread their resources over many niches. If one niche disappears they still have others in which to operate. If a specialist's niche disappears, however, there is a much higher chance of organizational failure and death.

Answer to #3

FALSE

Answer to #4

FALSE

Answer to #5

Organizations that follow an r-strategy are founded early in a new environmentthey are early entrants. Organizations that follow a K-strategy are founded latethey are late entrants. The advantage of an r-strategy is that an organization obtains first-mover advantages and has first pick of the resources in the environment. As a result, the organization is usually able to grow rapidly and develop skills and procedures that increase its chance of surviving and prospering. Organizations that follow a K-strategy are usually established in other environments and wait to enter a new environment until the uncertainty in that environment is reduced and the correct way to compete is apparent.

Answer to #6

According to the population ecology theory, two factors account for the rapid birthrate. The first is that as new organizations are founded, there is an increase in the knowledge and skills available to generate similar new organizations. The second factor accounting for the rapid birthrate in a new environment is that when a new kind of organization is founded and survives, it provides a role model. The success of the new organization makes it easier for entrepreneurs to find similar new organizations because success confers legitimacy, which will attract stakeholders.

Answer to #7

FALSE

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