Nondigestible substances in foods that stimulate the growth of nonpathogenic bacteria within the large intestine are called _____.
a. probiotics
b. prebiotics
c. intestinal flora
d. pathogenic bacteria
e. bacterial translocation
Q. 2Kwashiorkor is best described as protein:
A) toxicity.
B) complementation.
C) sensitivity.
D) translation.
E) malnutrition.
Q. 3Nonpathogenic bacteria in the intestinal tract perform all of these functions except _____.
a. degrading undigested or unabsorbed dietary carbohydrate.
b. producing certain vitamins
c. preventing invasion of tissues by pathogenic bacteria
d. stimulating the production of proteins
e. assisting in the development and maintenance of the mucosal lining
Q. 4Which of the following nutrients is protein sparing?
A) Carbohydrate
B) Fat
C) Fiber
D) Omega-3 fatty acids
E) Alcohol
Q. 5Noel is a 33-year-old kindergarten teacher who recently visited her doctor complaining of the sudden onset of diarrhea, abdominal pain, and bloody stools. Lab tests, imaging studies, and an endoscopy were used to diagnose Crohn's disease. Drug therapy has helped to control the symptoms, but Noel has been told that there is no cure for the disease and she may experience exacerbations from time to time for the rest of her life.Noel will need to monitored for _____, due to the increased risk that accompanies Crohn's disease.
a. diverticula
b. gluten sensitivity
c. gallbladder disease
d. obesity
e. intestinal cancer
Q. 6Which of the following can cause arterial wall injury leading to atherosclerosis?
A) Hypertension
B) Tobacco use
C) Stress
D) High blood glucose
E) All of the risks factors above can contribute to arterial wall injury.
Q. 7Noel is a 33-year-old kindergarten teacher who recently visited her doctor complaining of the sudden onset of diarrhea, abdominal pain, and bloody stools. Lab tests, imaging studies, and an endoscopy were used to diagnose Crohn's disease. Drug therapy has helped to control the symptoms, but Noel has been told that there is no cure for the disease and she may experience exacerbations from time to time for the rest of her life.During a flare-up of her disease, Noel should follow a ______ diet.
a. high-fiber, high-fat
b. low-sodium
c. low-fiber, low-fat
d. high-fat
e. low-sodium, low-fiber
Q. 8A high-protein diet is most closely associated with:
A) diabetes.
B) accelerated kidney aging.
C) stroke.
D) lactose intolerance.
E) allergy.
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