Roberto, at 15, is finding that he loves to take chances. He enjoys the sensation of being on the edge of danger, whether he is trying a new drug, or riding in a car at top speed with his friends.
Roberto was well-behaved, outgoing, and happy as a younger child. If you were his counselor, what would you tell his parents about his current experimentation with deviant behavior?
a. Deviant behavior is likely to be increasing Roberto's peer rejection.
b. Roberto's risk-taking is unlikely to decline in young adulthood.
c. Closer parental monitoring can help reduce the deviant behavior and protect Roberto from harm.
d. Roberto's risk-taking poses no serious risks of harm, because it is considered normative.
Q. 2On the basis of research on parenting, what advice should counselors give parents about how much to be involved in their adolescents' school life?
a. Parents should not be involved in school-related activities, like monitoring homework, so that their adolescents will learn to handle their own problems with class work and teachers.
b. Parents should become more involved when there are behavior problems in school, but adolescents should handle all of their own academic problems.
c. Adolescents' academic achievement is likely to benefit when parents remain actively involved in school-related activities like monitoring homework and serving as partners in school decision making.
d. Reduced parental involvement in school-related activities promoted positive growth in autonomy and peer relations.
Q. 3Which of the following are important areas of social history to query?
a) Employment history
b) Legal history
c) History of drug and alcohol use
d) All of the above
Q. 4Studies of American schools indicate that as children move out of elementary school into middle and junior high schools, instructional practices are characterized more by ____________ than they were in the earlier grades.
a. emphasis on discipline and teacher control
b. emphasis on cooperative learning rather than competition
c. a greater sense of community and caring
d. closer contact with teachers and other staff
Q. 5Brendt has finished 6th grade in his elementary school, and is beginning 7th grade at a junior high school. According to research on school transitions, what is most likely to be true for Brendt?
a. His transition to 7th grade at a different school is likely to be accompanied by improvements in his academic achievement.
b. His academic achievement in 7th grade would probably be better if the transition from elementary school began after 8th grade.
c. His academic achievement should be about the same as it would have been if he had attended 7th grade in his elementary school.
d. His achievement will be benefited if his parents take a hands-off approach and let him figure out how to handle the academic demands of the new school.
Q. 6Jasmine, age 16, has just begun an after-school and weekend job at which she expects to work about 20-25 hours a week.
She plans to use her earnings to buy clothes, gas for her car, and to fund outings with friends. Based on research, which of the following is the most likely outcome of Jasmine's part-time employment?
a. Her grades will improve.
b. She will be more reliable and less likely to engage in delinquent behavior.
c. She will leave high school with substantial savings.
d. Her greater work time will negatively affect her school achievement.
Q. 7When peers and parents both support academics, adolescents tend to be successful students. When peers and parents are at odds on the importance or value of academics, which of the following is most often true according to research?
a. Parents' attitudes will always have the most influence on their adolescent child's academic performance.
b. Peers' attitudes are likely to have the most influence on the adolescent's academic performance.
c. There is no systematic relationship, sometimes peers are more influential, sometimes parents.
d. Parents' attitudes have more influence only when parents are warm and permissive.
Q. 8High levels of parental monitoring and control are associated with which of the following outcomes regardless of ethnicity or social class?
a. More drug use but less involvement in other criminal activity among adolescents.
b. More deviant behavior and drug use among adolescents.
c. More gang membership among adolescents.
d. Less deviant behavior and drug use among adolescents.
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