An 18-year-old boy with a diagnosis of type 2 diabetes has admitted to the diabetes nurse that he has been inconsistent with his self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) since his last visit.
He has brought in his log of SMBG to review with the nurse but there are very few entries over the past few months. How can this nurse best determine this patient's glucose levels over the period in question?
A) Review the patient's food intake over the time period
B) Have a glycated hemoglobin test performed
C) Have the patient perform SMBG four to six times daily over the next 3 days
D) Calculate the patient's average blood glucose level based on the available data
Question 2A patient who just suffered a hemorrhagic stroke is brought to the emergency department by ambulance. What should be the nurse's primary assessment focus?
A) Cardiac and respiratory status
B) Seizure activity
C) Urinary output
D) Fluid and electrolyte balance
Question 3The nurse is performing stroke risk screenings at a hospital open house. Identification of high-risk individuals is the goal of the screenings. The nurse has identified four patients who might be at risk for a stroke.
Which patient is likely at highest risk for a stroke?
A) White woman, age 60 with history of excessive alcohol intake
B) White man, age 60 with history of uncontrolled hypertension
C) Black man, age 60, with history of diabetes
D) Black man, age 50 with history of smoking
Question 4A diabetes nurse is discussing lifestyle measures that a patient with a recent diagnosis of type 1 diabetes can use to manage his disease. When discussing the benefits of exercise with this patient, the nurse should recommend that he:
A) Eat a snack immediately following exercise to prevent hypoglycemia
B) Use exercise to lower his blood sugar during hyperglycemic episodes
C) Exercise a similar amount at a similar time each day
D) Avoid physical activity until he is able to manage his blood sugars independently
Question 5When caring for a patient who has had a hemorrhagic stroke, close monitoring of vital signs and neurological status is imperative. What is the earliest sign of deterioration in a patient with a hemorrhagic stroke?
A) Headache
B) Alteration in level of consciousness (LOC)
C) Tonic-clonic seizures
D) Shortness of breath
Question 6A 44-year-old woman was diagnosed with type 2 diabetes 4 months ago and has presented for a follow-up appointment. Together with the patient, the nurse is reviewing her diet, meal planning, and nutrition.
It is becoming apparent that the patient's eating habits are not conducive to preventing fluctuations in blood glucose levels. The patient acknowledges this fact, stating, I went over all of this with the dietitian, and I know that it's important, but no one seems to realize how hard it is to put it all into practice. The nurse should identify what nursing diagnosis in the planning of this patient's subsequent care?
A) Ineffective denial related to dietary modifications for diabetes management
B) Anxiety related to the management of an appropriate diet
C) Altered nutrition, more than body requirements related to ineffective dietary management
D) Hopelessness related to inability to implement an appropriate diet
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