The following is an example of a(n) ____: All animals breathe. All humans are animals. Therefore, all humans breathe.
a. if-then statement
b. linear syllogism
c. illicit conversion
d. categorical syllogism
Ques. 2Consider the following: Premise 1: All cognitive psychologists are pianists. Premise 2: All pianists are athletes. Conclusion: Therefore, all cognitive psychologists are athletes. What is the predicate?
a. psychologists
b. cognitive psychologists
c. pianists
d. athletes
Ques. 3Deductive arguments that involve drawing conclusions from two premises are referred to as ____.
a. premises
b. propositions
c. syllogisms
d. tollens
Ques. 4Cosmides proposed that ____ inferences were particularly useful during social interactions in our evolutionary history.
a. physical prowess and sociability
b. cheater detection and hunter detection
c. cost-benefit relationships and cheater detection
d. temperament and relationships benefits
Ques. 5When the Wason selection task is placed in a familiar context such as legal drinking age, participants
a. perform as well as they do on the original task
b. perform better than they do on the original task
c. perform worse than they do on the original task
d. do not make any errors
Ques. 6Mark sees a man walk into a bank downtown. Suddenly, alarms sound, people scream, and Mark sees the same man run out of the bank carrying a gun and a bag of money. Because Mark has never seen such an occurrence before, he uses a ____ to deduce that the man is a robber.
a. conversion strategy
b. syllogistic schema
c. transitive-inference strategy
d. pragmatic reasoning schema
Ques. 7General organizing principles related to specific types of goals are called ____ schemas.
a. confirmation
b. pragmatic reasoning
c. inductive and deductive
d. hierarchical
Ques. 8Evidence from naturalistic studies of decision making reveal that when solving conditional probabilities most people recognize and use the ____ argument, but fail to use the ____ argument.
a. modus ponens; modus tollens
b. modus tollens; consequent
c. consequent; antecedent
d. modus ponens; consequent
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