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Sami214 Sami214
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6 years ago
Psychologists distinguish between criterion-referenced and norm-referenced assessment scores. a. Explain the difference between these two types of scores. b. Describe a situation in which criterion-referenced scores would clearly be more appropriate, and why. c. Describe a situation in which norm-referenced scores would clearly be more appropriate, and why.
 
  What will be an ideal response?

Ques. 2

Three of the following statements are accurate with regard to how developmental factors may affect children's and adolescents' performance on standardized tests. Which statement is not accurate?
 
  A) It is more difficult to standardize testing conditions for young children than for students in the middle and high school grades.
  B) Young children's erratic behavior (due to short attention span, poor motivation, etc.) can adversely affect a test's validity.
  C) Adolescents are more likely to have debilitating test anxiety than young children are.
  D) Adolescents are more likely to take a standardized test seriously than fourth graders are.

Ques. 3

Which one of the following is the best example of high-stakes testing as educators typically use this term?
 
  A) A high school awards diplomas only to students who score above predetermined cutoffs on tests of writing, math, science, and history.
  B) A high school teacher gives exams that, in the opinion of students and their parents, are far too difficult for most 16- and 17-year-olds.
  C) When administering a series of tests to a middle school student to determine if he has a learning disability, a school psychologist asks questions about the student's religious beliefs, sexual knowledge, and other very personal issues.
  D) A school district wants to track students' progress in various content domains to help in decision making about the current school curriculum. It administers a standardized achievement test to students at all grade levels.

Ques. 4

Which one of the following questions is most likely to be found on a scholastic aptitude test?
 
  A) How is the circumference of a circle calculated?
  B) What significant historical event happened at Waterloo, Belgium, in 1815?
  C) Of what two elements does water consist?
  D) What does the word dichotomize mean?

Ques. 5

Three of the following statements are accurate with regard to the disadvantages of portfolios. Which statement is not necessarily accurate?
 
  A) Teachers' overall ratings of portfolios often have low reliability.
  B) Portfolios that contain only a few items may have poor content validity.
  C) Portfolios often contain different products for different students, reflecting a problem with standardization.
  D) Portfolios discourage students from being creative in their classwork.

Ques. 6

How can teachers most accurately assess the content validity of a standardized achievement test?
 
  A) Look at the size of the norm group for the test.
  B) Consult the test manual regarding content validity data for the norm group.
  C) Determine whether students' scores on the test and their scores on a similar achievement test are correlated.
  D) Compare the school curriculum to a table of specifications for the test.

Ques. 7

Which one of the following students is displaying testwiseness as educational psychologists typically use the term?
 
  A) When stumped on a difficult multiple-choice question, Oliver skips it and returns to it later if he has time.
  B) Nancy starts with the first question of the test and works on each question until she gets the answer, even if it takes a long time.
  C) Malika brings her lucky pencil to a test and makes sure she sits next to her best friend, who is very good at the subject.
  D) Pauline gets copies of previous tests that the teacher has given, and she and her friends look at them as they prepare for the test in their study group are.

Ques. 8

Only one of the following statements describes an appropriate approach to summarizing students' overall achievement with final grades. Which one?
 
  A) Students should be regularly informed of their progress so that they can predict their final grades with some accuracy.
  B) Of the four RSVP characteristics, reliability is the most important one to consider in summarizing students' overall achievement; if you have reliability, then you will almost certainly have the other three characteristics as well.
  C) Criteria for assigning class grades should be individualized for every student.
  D) As long as individual assessments have all been standardized, it is unnecessary to worry about standardizing the way that those assessments are combined into a final grade.

Ques. 9

A parent of one of your students, Mr. Jones, criticizes the fact that you base your grades partly on students' paper-pencil test scores. You need to defend your use of such tests as a way of evaluating students. Three of the following are appropriate ways you might respond to Mr. Jones's concern. Which statement is not accurate?
 
  A) Your tests provide a way of obtaining systematic samples of your students' performance.
  B) You have determined that your tests have content validity for the material you cover in class.
  C) Your tests have been shown to have perfect reliability.
  D) Using tests is a fairer and more objective way to evaluate students than grading simply on the basis of your subjective impressions.
Textbook 
Essentials of Educational Psychology: Big Ideas To Guide Effective Teaching

Essentials of Educational Psychology: Big Ideas To Guide Effective Teaching


Edition: 5th
Authors:
Read 72 times
1 Reply

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Replies
wrote...
6 years ago
Answer to #1

a. A criterion-referenced score indicates what and how much a student has learned. A norm-referenced score indicates how a student's performance compares to that of his or her peers.
b. The response should describe a situation in which it is important to know exactly what students do and do not know (e.g., giving a pretest to determine where to begin instruction, assessing learning in a mastery situation).
c. The response should describe a situation in which students must be compared to one another (e.g., selecting students for a program with limited spaces, assessing performance in a domain where mastery is very difficult to define in absolute terms).

Answer to #2

D

Answer to #3

A

Answer to #4

D

Answer to #5

D

Answer to #6

D

Answer to #7

A

Answer to #8

A

Answer to #9

C
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