Explain the difference between norm-referenced and criterion-referenced measurement and state the ...

The two terms Norm-Referenced and Criterion-Referenced are commonly used to describe tests, exams, and assessments.  They are often some of the first concepts learned when studying assessment and psychometrics.

Norm-referenced means that we are referencing how your score compares to other people.  Criterion-referenced means that we are referencing how your score compares to a criterion such as a cutscore or a body of knowledge.

Do we say a test is “Norm-Referenced” vs. “Criterion-Referenced”?
Actually, that’s a slight misuse.

The terms Norm-Referenced and Criterion-Referenced refer to score interpretations.  Most tests can actually be interpreted in both ways, though they are usually designed and validated for only one of the other.

Hence the shorthand usage of saying “this is a norm-referenced test” even though it just means that it is the primarily intended interpretation.