Operant conditioning theorists use the term reinforcement rather than reward because:
A) The term reward implies a consequence that others would judge to be desirable.
B) One type of reinforcement (negative reinforcement) is actually a form of punishment.
C) The term reward can refer only to a material reinforcer.
D) The term reward can refer only to a social reinforcer.
Ques. 2Empathic listening provides teachers with all of the following except a way to
a. deal with a student's strong emotions without taking responsibility for solving the student's problem.
b. diffuse emotionally charged situations.
c. model good communication for students.
d. resolve issues to the satisfaction of all parties involved.
Ques. 3Luke approaches you before class and expresses his frustration about having done so poorly on yesterday's exam. I studied for hours and hours, he tells you. I guess I'm just not a very good test taker. You know that your test was a good measure of what you taught your students. You also know that students seldom do poorly on your tests simply because they are poor test takers. Considering the textbook's discussion of study strategies, what other possible explanation might you give Luke as to why he thought he knew the material well yet earned a low test score. And with your explanation in mind, describe a strategy you might teach him for improving his performance next time.
What will be an ideal response?
Ques. 4You are hired to teach a struggling student named Joy more effective study skills. Describe five different strategies that you will teach Joy so that she can study and learn more effectively. Include at least one strategy that will enable Joy to transfer the things she learns to new situations.
What will be an ideal response?
Ques. 5Ms. Webster tells students, The author of our history textbook knows what he's talking about. He's a well-respected scholar whose specialty is the period we're reading about this month: colonial America. Although such a statement might certainly be beneficial in some respects, it has which one of the following drawbacks?
A) It will promote negative rather than positive transfer of the subject matter.
B) It will decrease the likelihood that students engage in comprehension monitoring.
C) It is unlikely to foster a disposition to critically evaluate textbook content.
D) It will predispose students to use algorithms rather than heuristics while studying.
Ques. 6Which strategy is not consistent with the study strategies presented in the textbook?
A) At the beginning of a study session, Erika quickly reviews what she had studied in her prior study session.
B) Erika studies one day a week for 4 hours instead of 4 days a week for one hour during each study session.
C) Erika uses visual images to help her remember information.
D) Erika plans specific times in her schedule to review what she has already studied.
Ques. 7Perry is trying to solve the following riddle: What creature walks first on four legs, then two, then three? He repeatedly tries to think of an animal that might walk on three legs, but he can think only of animals that walk on either two or four legs. Finally, he is told the correct answera human being, who crawls, then walks, then walks with a cane. Which one of the following is the most likely explanation of Perry's difficulty?
A) He has represented the problem with too narrow a definition of legs.
B) He doesn't have enough working memory capacity.
C) He doesn't have a sufficient knowledge base.
D) He is engaging in divergent thinking when convergent thinking is required.
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