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ritadwillis ritadwillis
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11 years ago
A popular classroom demonstration consists of filing notches into a new penny and soaking the penny in hydrochloric acid overnight. Since new pennies are made of zinc coated with copper, and since hydrochloric acid dissolves zinc and not copper, the inside of the penny is dissolved by the acid, while the outer copper shell remains. Suppose the penny contains 2.0 g of zinc and is soaked in 25.0 mL of 6.5 M HCl. Calculate the concentration of the HCl solution (in molarity mol/L) after all of the zinc has dissolved.
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wrote...
11 years ago
write a balanced equation

Zn(s) + 2HCl(aq) ------------> ZnCl2(aq) + H2(g)

work out moles of Zn

moles = mass / molar mass
moles Zn = 2.0 g / 65.38 g/mol
= 0.03059 moles Zn

Work out moles of HCl in the solution
moles HCl = molarity x Litres
= 6.50 M x 0.0250 L
= 0.1625 moles HCl

According to the balanced equation
1 mole Zn will react with 1 2 moles of HCl
So 0.03059 moles of Zn will react with (2 x 0.03059) moles HCl
= 0.06118 moles HCl

Thus the 2.0 g of Zn will use up 0.06118 moles of HCl

The moles of HCl remaining in solution = total moles HCl - moles HCl used up
= 0.1625 moles - 0.06118 moles
= 0.10132 moles HCl left over

Molarity = moles HCl / Litres solution
M = 0.10132 mole / 0.0250 L
= 4.0528 M
= 4.1 M (2 sig figs)
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