The great debates over optimal reading instruction have recently converged on the basis of
research evidence. The basic conclusion is that:
a. all reading instruction should involve some component of phonics.
b. the whole language approach to teaching reading can incorporate great literature.
c. reading and writing should proceed in parallel.
d. students should begin by reading in their native language.
Ques. 2Bruner challenged a central implication of Piaget's theory. What part of Piaget's theory did
Bruner challenge?
a. Children are able to deal with more complexity as they develop.
b. Assimilation and accommodation are important processes in development.
c. The development of higher-order thinking begins in the social environment.
d. Younger students are not developmentally ready to study certain ideas.
Ques. 3Which of the following models have guided the rapid development of cognitive theory
and research in recent years?
a. recall recognition
b. sense receptor
c. information processing
d. general intelligence
Ques. 4The component of the information processing model in which old and new
experiences interact is called (the)
a. sensory registers
b. sense receptors
c. working memory
d. long-term memory
Ques. 5Compared to behavioral psychology, cognitive psychology places more emphasis on
a. rote learning
b. mental processes
c. memorization
d. the environment
Ques. 6Bruner's theory of cognitive growth and knowledge representation argued that any content
can be taught in a meaningful fashion to learners at any age. What Bruner was suggesting for
curriculum planning was:
a. core content should be introduced at the sensorimotor stage.
b. content should initially be taught simply and revisited in more depth in later years.
c. mastery learning of content areas should begin at age eight.
d. core content should be presented simultaneously in enactive, iconic, and symbolic
representations.
Ques. 7The best metaphor for Piaget's theory is a:
a. ramp.
b. staircase.
c. elevator.
d. fire pole.
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