Process Mearument-Determination of Viscosity and Specific Gravity

Experimental Data and Result Sheet Experiment 3 Determination of Viscosity and Specific Gravity 425196013017500Mass of weight M = 4.604 x10-2 kg 425196013271500Radius of the rotating drum a = 2.87x10-2 m 425196013271500Radius of the rotating cylinder r1 = 3.19 x 10-2 m 425767510604500Radius of the stationary cylinder r2 = 4.78 x 10-2 m Distance between the rotating cylinder and 425196013525500the stationary cylinder D = 7.985 x 10-3 m 425196016002000Length of cylinder submerged in solution L = 1.45 x 10-2 m Solution 1 (water) 425196013017500Number of revolutions n = 71 rev 425196013271500Time for N revolutions t = 5.5 s 425196013271500Dynamic Viscosity = 214 cP 425196013525500Specific Gravity 1 425196022860000Density = 1 425196016002000Kinematic Viscosity = 214 cSt Solution 2 (Sugar 200 g/L) 425196013017500Number of revolutions n = 74 rev 425196013271500Time for N revolutions t = 6.3 s 425196013271500Dynamic Viscosity = 232 cP 425196013525500Specific Gravity 0. 2 425196022860000Density = 0. 2 425196016002000Kinematic Viscosity = 1160 cSt Solution 3 (sugar 800g/L) 425196013017500Number of revolutions n = 73 rev 425196013271500Time for N revolutions t = 10.1 s 425196013271500Dynamic Viscosity = 386 cP 425196013525500Specific Gravity 0.8 425196022860000Density = 0.8 425196016002000Kinematic Viscosity = 483 cSt Results and Calculations: 1. The dynamic viscosity for water solutions #1 was calculated as shown below: = Where: = dynamic viscosity (kg/m.s). M = mass of weight (kg). g = gravitational acceleration (9.81). a = radius of wound drum (m). D = (r2 – r1) that is the gap between the inner and outer cylinders (m). L = length of the inner cylinder submerged in solution (m). N = number of revolutions of the inner cylinder per second. r1 = the outside radius of the inner cylinder (m). r2 = the inside radius of the outer cylinder (m). ? = 2·?·N = 2** 71 = 446.12 rad/s The number of revolutions per second is N = n/t = 71/5.5= 13 Water= [(4.604x10-2)*9.81*(2.87x10-2)*(7.985x10-3)]/ [8*2*(3.19x10-2)3*(1.45x10-2)*13] = 21.4x10-2 kg/(m.s) 1 Cp. = 10-3 (kg/m.s) 13239758064528575019494500 = 21.4x10-2 kg 1cp m.s 10-3 kg/ (m.s) =214 cp Conversions of Water density: Water density at room temperature 25oC is 1000 kg/m3 19716757048500895350704850 = 1000 kg 1m3 1000g 23812576200 m3 1000, 0000 mL 1kg = 1g/mL = (1g/mL)/ (1g/mL) =1 The density of water at 4oC is 1 g/cm3 1cm3 = 1mL The kinematic viscosity of water was calculated as shown below: Where: = kinematic viscosity (cSt) = dynamic viscosity (cP) = density () = (214 cp)/ (1g/cm3) = 214 cSt 2. The dynamic viscosity for low concentration Sugar solutions #2 was calculated as shown below: = The number of revolutions per second is N = n/t = 74/6.3= 12 = [(4.604x10-2)*9.81*(2.87x10-2)*(7.985x10-3)]/ [8*2*(3.19x10-2)3*(1.45x10-2)*12] = 23.2x10-2 kg/ (m.s) 1 Cp. = 10-3 (kg/m.s) 13239758064528575019494500 = 23.2x10-2 kg 1cp m.s 10-3 kg/ (m.s) =232 cp Conversions of Sugar density at room temperature of 25 oC: 1171575704850 Sugar = 200 g 1L 514350825500 L 1000 mL = 0.2g/mL = (0.2g/mL)/ (1g/mL) =0.2 The density of water at 4oC is 1 g/cm3 1cm3 = 1mL The kinematic viscosity of the 200 g/L was calculated as shown below: = (232 cp)/ (0.2g/cm3) = 1160 cSt 3. The dynamic viscosity for high concentration Sugar solutions #3 was computed using this formula: = The number of revolutions per second is N = n/t = 73/10.1= 7.2 Sugar= [(4.604x10-2)*9.81*(2.87x10-2)*(7.985x10-3)]/ [8*2*(3.19x10-2)3*(1.45x10-2)*7.2] = 38.6 x10-2 kg/ (m.s) 1 Cp. = 10-3 (kg/m.s) 13239758064528575019494500 = 38.6x10-2 kg 1cp m.s 10-3 kg/ (m.s) = 386 cp Conversions of higher concentration Sugar density at room temperature 25oC: 752475704850 = 800 g 1L 238125444500 L 1000 mL = 0.8 g/mL The density of water at 4oC is 1 g/cm3 1cm3 = 1mL S.G = (0.8 g/mL)/ (1g/mL) = 0.8 The kinematic viscosity of high concentration sugar was calculated using this formula: = (386 cp)/ (0.8 g/cm3) = 483 cSt Discussions and Conclusions: The purpose of this experiment was to determine the viscosity of the liquid using Stormer Rotating Cylinder Viscometer by measuring the force that maintain the moving fluid plate at a constant velocity profile.