...highly modified leaves called floral organs, which...
...enlarged branch end called the receptacle. The...
...four cells forming called now microspores, divide...
...an inner tissue called the nucellus and...
...two protective layers called integuments. The integuments...
...two others are called synergids eventually degenerate....
...micropyle. These are called antipodal cells. Two...
...two nuclei are called the polar nuclei....
...this structure is called the female gametophyte...
...a specialized cotyledon called the scutellum. The...
...by protective sheath called the coleorhiza, and...
...by a sheath called the coleoptile. The...
...into what is called the hypocotyl arch....
...reproduction is also called vegetative reproduction. Offspring...
...masses of cells called a callus that...
...root system is called the stock. The...
...is grafted is called the scion. It...
...modified organisms are called GMOs. These organisms...
...another species are called transgenic. Genetically modified...

...the cell surface called microvilli, which increase...
...a double membrane called the nuclear envelope....
...A protein structure called a pore complex...
...framework of fibers called the nuclear matrix...
...into discrete units called chromosomes, structures that...
...and protein is called chromatin. Stained chromatin...
...tubules and sacs called cisternae that separate...
...a specialized region called transitional ER. Transport...
...inside the vacuole, called cell sap, differs...
...membrane with infoldings called cristae. The inner...
...of plant structures called plastids. Amyloplasts are...
...protruding motor proteins called dyneins spaced along...
...by an enzyme called cellulose synthase. The...
...and flexible wall called the primary cell...
...with sticky polysaccharides called pectins that glues...
...between adjacent cells called plasmodesmata. The extracellular...

...have tiny projections called cilia which are...
...the lungs is called ventilation. The volume...
...oxygen. This is called EMPHYSEMA. Carbon monoxide...

...gelatinous protein matrix called mesohyl, which contains...
...center layer are called amoebocytes. These cells...
...contain a capsule called cnidae with stinging...
...suspended on structures called pedalia; some like...
...a specialized structure called the scolex ("holdfast"),...
...bears 1-4 projections called toes, which are...
...in what is called parthenogenesis. Other species...
...These phyla are called the lophophorate phyla....
...is the structure called the lophophore. The...
...Nemertea are commonly called the ribbon worms....
...layer of skin called the mantle covers...
...the exoskeleton is called ecdysis. PHYLUM NEMATODA...
...of branching tubes called tracheae or plate-like...
...or plate-like structures called book lungs. Nervous...
...hemolymph, excretory organs called Malpighian tubules, a...
...through an opening called the madreporite; the...
...a flat shell called test. Their pentaradial...
...clear. They are called sea daisies. They...

...acids—form chain-like molecules called polymers. A polymer...
...are small molecules called monomers. Some of...
...This reaction is called a dehydration reaction....
...in a polysaccharide called glycogen. Glycogen is...
...grouped into units called microfibrils, which form...
...amino acids are called polypeptides. A protein...
...asymmetric carbon atom called the alpha ()...
...covalent bond is called a peptide bond....
...Natural signal molecules called endorphins bind to...
...Strong covalent bonds called disulfide bridges that...
...made of monomers called nucleotides. There are...
...entire process is called gene expression. Organisms...
...type of RNA called messenger RNA (mRNA)....
...on cellular structures called ribosomes. In eukaryotes,...
...by covalent bonds called phosphodiester linkages that...

...the process is called diffusion (because of...
...moving it is called Osmosis. Mitosis and...
...phase of Mitosis called Prophase Prophase: Nuclear...
...the specialized cells called gametes. Gametogenesis in...
...(actually 4 chromatids)- called Synapsis- Spindle apparatus...
...occur in pairs called homologous pairs one...
...The cells are called somatic cells and...
...specific characteristics are called genes which are...
...on the chromosomes called loci. In Diploid...

...independent variable is called the dependent variable....
...by a process called Homeostasis is capable...
...of a phenomenon called the Central Dogma...
...basic life form (called a cell) there...
...a fundamental concept called Cell Theory-all living...
...membrane bound structures called organelles. One can...
...organized in masses called tissues. One can...

...to channel proteins (called membrane transport proteins)...
...cytoplasm? A solution called the cytosol +...
...of a macromolecule called Peptidoglycan (only found...
...of the cell called a nucleoid. 1.DNA...
...genetic information Holes called nucleopores for exchange...
...into large folds called Cisternae) Lysosomes- generated...

...Nerve cells are called neurons. These cells...
...system (CNS) are called afferent or sensory...
...Nerve cells are called neurons. A typical...
...have thorny projections called dendrite spines. The...
...cell body is called the axon hillock....
...An insulating layer called the myelin sheath...
...many terminal branches called axon terminals with...
...another neuron is called a synapse. The...
...transmitting cell is called the presynaptic cell,...
...target cell is called the postsynaptic cell....
...circuit. It is called the reflex arc....
...brain, it is called a nucleus (pl....
...cells are sometimes called collectively neuroglia. Vertebrates...
...around the axon called neurilemma, and an...
...myelin sheath are called nodes of Ranvier....
...fluid. This is called the membrane potential....
...membrane. It is called the resting or...
...Graded potentials are called graded because their...
...a particular voltage called the threshold voltage....
...open. This is called the refractory period,...
...at the nodes called nodes of Ranvier...
...of conduction is called saltatory conduction (saltare...
...neuron. This is called direct synaptic transmission....
...it. This is called the excitatory postsynaptic...
...threshold. This is called inhibitory postsynaptic potential...
...additive effect is called summation. In temporal...
...from motor neurons called cholinergic neurons, and...
...pair of structures called the suprachiasmatic nuclei...
...cluster of nuclei called basal nuclei deep...
...created. This is called lateralization. Each hemisphere...
...growing axon is called the growth cone....
...These cells are called blastomeres. At about...
...a solid ball called morula. BLASTULATION Eventually...
...active and is called the animal pole....
...cavity formed is called the archenteron. This...
...the opening is called the blastopore. In...

...a complex molecule called a polysaccharide. Most...
...a chemical bond called a glycosidic bond....
...a chemical bond called a peptide bond....
...a phosphate group called the hydrophilic (water-loving)...
...fatty acid molecules called the hydrophobic (water-hating)...
...that they are called reducing sugars is...