All genes within an organism make up that organism's:
a. chromosomes.
b. genome.
c. nucleotides.
d. DNA.
Pieces of DNA that move from plasmid to chromosome or vice versa but are not found as separate entities are called:
a. DNA polymerases.
b. transposable elements.
c. plasmids.
d. chromatoids.
Teichoic acids are:
a. waxy substances that are found in some bacterial cell walls that make the cells re-sistant to toxic substances, including ac-ids.
b. glycerol- or ribitol-phosphate polymers that are combined with various sugars, amino acids, and amino sugars, which are a part of the cell wall of gram-positive bacteria.
c. highmolecular-weight polysaccharides that coat some bacterial cells and protect the bacteria from attack by cells of the human defense system.
d. hairlike, proteinaceous structures that ex-tend from the cell.
Which organelle is found in eukaryotic cells and is responsible for controlled enzymatic degradation of intracellular substances?
a. Mitochondria
b. Lysosomes
c. Endoplasmic reticulum
d. Golgi body
The term used when oxidative phosphorylation uses oxygen as the terminal electron acceptor is:
a. substrate-level phosphorylation.
b. fermentative metabolism.
c. anaerobic respiration.
d. aerobic respiration.
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