The early embryo (before 5 weeks of age) gets nourished by
a) absorbing nutrients from the bloodstream of the mother.
b) breaking down the lining of the uterus.
c) transferring of nutrients from the placenta.
d) drinking the amniotic fluid.
Answer: b
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective 1: 11.1 Describe the events following fertilization, including how the embryo obtains nourishment, and some of the discomforts and complications of pregnancy.
Learning Objective 2: 11.1.1 Describe how the embryo and fetus are nourished.
Section Reference 1: Section 11.1 Changes in the Body During Pregnancy
Question type: Multiple-Choice
1} The fetus gets nourished by
a) absorbing nutrients from the bloodstream of the mother.
b) breaking down the lining of the uterus.
c) transferring of nutrients from the placenta.
d) drinking the amniotic fluid.
Answer: c
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective 1: 11.1 Describe the events following fertilization, including how the embryo obtains nourishment, and some of the discomforts and complications of pregnancy.
Learning Objective 2: 11.1.1 Describe how the embryo and fetus are nourished.
Section Reference 1: Section 11.1 Changes in the Body During Pregnancy
Question type: Multiple-Choice
1} A developing human from 2-8 weeks after fertilization is called a/an
a) embryo.
b) fetus.
c) premature infant.
d) zygote.
Answer: a
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective 1: 11.1 Describe the events following fertilization, including how the embryo obtains nourishment, and some of the discomforts and complications of pregnancy
Learning Objective 2: 11.1.1 Describe how the embryo and fetus are nourished.
Section Reference 1: Section 11.1 Changes in the Body During Pregnancy
Question type: True-False
1} Implantation is complete by 14 days after fertilization.
True or False? Answer: True
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective 1: 11.1 Describe the events following fertilization, including how the embryo obtains nourishment, and some of the discomforts and complications of pregnancy
Learning Objective 2: 11.1.1 Describe how the embryo and fetus are nourished.
Section Reference 1: Section 11.1 Changes in the Body During Pregnancy
Question type: Multiple-Choice
1} Which of the following statements about the placenta is FALSE?
a) The placenta is formed from both maternal and embryonic tissues.
b) For the majority of the pregnancy, the placenta will nourish the fetus.
c) The placenta nourishes the embryo from fertilization onward.
d) The placenta secretes hormones that are necessary to sustain the pregnancy.
Answer: c
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective 1: 11.1 Describe the events following fertilization, including how the embryo obtains nourishment, and some of the discomforts and complications of pregnancy
Learning Objective 2: 11.1.1 Describe how the embryo and fetus are nourished.
Section Reference 1: Section 11.1 Changes in the Body During Pregnancy
Question type: True-False
1} Infants who are born on time but have failed to grow appropriately in the uterus are said to be small for gestational age.
True or False? Answer: True
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective 1: 11.1 Describe the events following fertilization, including how the embryo obtains nourishment, and some of the discomforts and complications of pregnancy
Learning Objective 2: 11.1.1 Describe how the embryo and fetus are nourished.
Section Reference 1: Section 11.1 Changes in the Body During Pregnancy
Question type: Multiple-Choice
1} A healthy birth weight ranges from
a) 6.5 to 9 lbs.
b) 6.5 to 10.5 lbs.
c) 7 to 9.5 lbs.
d) 7 to 11 lbs.
Answer: a
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective 1: 11.1 Describe the events following fertilization, including how the embryo obtains nourishment, and some of the discomforts and complications of pregnancy
Learning Objective 2: 11.1.2 Discuss why appropriate weight gain is important during pregnancy.
Section Reference 1: Section 11.1 Changes in the Body During Pregnancy
Question type: Multiple-Choice
1} A woman who gains excess weight during her pregnancy increases risk for all of the following EXCEPT
a) developing high blood pressure during the pregnancy.
b) developing gestational diabetes during the pregnancy.
c) needing a cesarean section to deliver infant.
d) the infant being born with a low birth weight.
Answer: d
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective 1: 11.1 Describe the events following fertilization, including how the embryo obtains nourishment, and some of the discomforts and complications of pregnancy
Learning Objective 2: 11.1.2 Discuss why appropriate weight gain is important during pregnancy.
Section Reference 1: Section 11.1 Changes in the Body During Pregnancy
Question type: True-False
1} Women who have obesity at conception are advised to not gain weight during pregnancy.
True or False? Answer: False
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective 1: 11.1 Describe the events following fertilization, including how the embryo obtains nourishment, and some of the discomforts and complications of pregnancy
Learning Objective 2: 11.1.2 Discuss why appropriate weight gain is important during pregnancy.
Section Reference 1: Section 11.1 Changes in the Body During Pregnancy
Question type: True-False
1} A similar recommendation of weight gain during pregnancy, as well as the recommendation for the total amount of weight gain, is recommended for women who are normal weight, underweight, overweight, or obese.
True or False? Answer: False
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective 1: 11.1 Describe the events following fertilization, including how the embryo obtains nourishment, and some of the discomforts and complications of pregnancy
Learning Objective 2: 11.1.2 Discuss why appropriate weight gain is important during pregnancy.
Section Reference 1: Section 11.1 Changes in the Body During Pregnancy
Question type: Multiple-Choice
1} Which of the following statements regarding weight gain during pregnancy is FALSE?
a) The weight of the infant at birth accounts for about 25% of the mothers weight gain during pregnancy.
b) A healthy, normal-weight woman should gain 25-35 pounds during pregnancy.
c) The most variable source of weight gain is in the amount of maternal fat stored.
d) The moms weight will reduce to near normal once the infant is born.
Answer: d
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective 1: 11.1 Describe the events following fertilization, including how the embryo obtains nourishment, and some of the discomforts and complications of pregnancy
Learning Objective 2: 11.1.2 Discuss why appropriate weight gain is important during pregnancy.
Section Reference 1: Section 11.1 Changes in the Body During Pregnancy
Question type: Multiple-Choice
1} By definition, a low-birth-weight infant is one who weighs less than ____ pounds at birth.
a) 2.5
b) 3.5
c) 5.5
d) 6.5
Answer: c
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective 1: 11.1 Describe the events following fertilization, including how the embryo obtains nourishment, and some of the discomforts and complications of pregnancy
Learning Objective 2: 11.1.2 Discuss why appropriate weight gain is important during pregnancy.
Section Reference 1: Section 11.1 Changes in the Body During Pregnancy
Question type: Multiple-Choice
1} Which of the following regarding exercise during pregnancy is FALSE?
a) Pregnancy can interfere with the womans balance.
b) Physical activity during pregnancy can improve digestion and prevent constipation.
c) Physical activity in hot or humid environments is safe during the entire pregnancy.
d) Women who werent active before the pregnancy should slowly add low-intensity, low-impact activities.
Answer: c
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective 1: 11.1 Describe the events following fertilization, including how the embryo obtains nourishment, and some of the discomforts and complications of pregnancy
Learning Objective 2: 11.1.2 Discuss why appropriate weight gain is important during pregnancy.
Section Reference 1: Section 11.1 Changes in the Body During Pregnancy
Question type: Multiple-Choice
1} Based on this visual, which of the following is a correct statement about weight gain recommendations during pregnancy?
a) The weight gain recommendations vary the most during the first trimester.
b) The weight gain recommendations vary the most during the second trimester.
c) The weight gain recommendations vary the most during the third trimester.
d) The weight gain recommendations vary the most during the first and second trimester.
Answer: c
Difficulty: Hard
Learning Objective 1: 11.1 Describe the events following fertilization, including how the embryo obtains nourishment, and some of the discomforts and complications of pregnancy
Learning Objective 2: 11.1.2 Discuss why appropriate weight gain is important during pregnancy.
Section Reference 1: Section 11.1 Changes in the Body During Pregnancy
Question type: Multiple-Choice
1} Morning sickness is most likely to occur during which trimester of pregnancy?
a) first
b) second
c) third
Answer: a
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective 1: 11.1 Describe the events following fertilization, including how the embryo obtains nourishment, and some of the discomforts and complications of pregnancy
Learning Objective 2: 11.1.3 Explain why morning sickness, heartburn, and constipation are common during pregnancy.
Section Reference 1: Section 11.1 Changes in the Body During Pregnancy
Question type: Multiple-Choice
1} Of the following, what is the most likely cause of morning sickness during pregnancy?
a) an iron deficiency
b) eating foods because of cravings
c) weight gain of pregnancy putting pressure on the stomach
d) hormonal changes associated with pregnancy
Answer: d
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective 1: 11.1 Describe the events following fertilization, including how the embryo obtains nourishment, and some of the discomforts and complications of pregnancy
Learning Objective 2: 11.1.3 Explain why morning sickness, heartburn, and constipation are common during pregnancy.
Section Reference 1: Section 11.1 Changes in the Body During Pregnancy
Question type: Multiple-Choice
1} Why is heartburn a common discomfort experienced during pregnancy?
a) Women who are pregnant tend to eat higher-fat foods.
b) Spicy or greasy foods are common cravings and eating them can trigger heartburn.
c) Changes in blood flow increase the likelihood of heartburn.
d) Pregnancy hormones relax the muscles in the GI tract.
Answer: d
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective 1: 11.1 Describe the events following fertilization, including how the embryo obtains nourishment, and some of the discomforts and complications of pregnancy
Learning Objective 2: 11.1.3 Explain why morning sickness, heartburn, and constipation are common during pregnancy.
Section Reference 1: Section 11.1 Changes in the Body During Pregnancy
Question type: Multiple-Choice
1} Pre-eclampsia can pose a health danger to the
a) baby, but not the mother.
b) mother, but not the baby.
c) baby and the mother.
d) neither the baby nor the mother.
Answer: c
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective 1: 11.1 Describe the events following fertilization, including how the embryo obtains nourishment, and some of the discomforts and complications of pregnancy
Learning Objective 2: 11.1.4 Review the risks associated with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and gestational diabetes.
Section Reference 1: Section 11.1 Changes in the Body During Pregnancy
Question type: Multiple-Choice
1} A condition during pregnancy that reduces blood flow to the placenta potentially endangering the baby is
a) gestational diabetes.
b) gestational hypertension.
c) preeclampsia.
d) morning sickness.
Answer: c
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective 1: 11.1 Describe the events following fertilization, including how the embryo obtains nourishment, and some of the discomforts and complications of pregnancy
Learning Objective 2: 11.1.4 Review the risks associated with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and gestational diabetes.
Section Reference 1: Section 11.1 Changes in the Body During Pregnancy
Question type: Multiple-Choice
1} Which of the following statements about a woman who has gestational diabetes is FALSE?
a) Gestational diabetes usually resolves after she gives birth.
b) Gestational diabetes is common in women who are underweight when they become pregnant.
c) The mother is at increased risk for developing diabetes in the next 10 years.
d) If the gestational diabetes is not controlled well during pregnancy, the baby is likely to grow rapidly and be large for gestational age.
Answer: b
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective 1: 11.1 Describe the events following fertilization, including how the embryo obtains nourishment, and some of the discomforts and complications of pregnancy
Learning Objective 2: 11.1.4 Review the risks associated with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and gestational diabetes.
Section Reference 1: Section 11.1 Changes in the Body During Pregnancy
Question type: Multiple-Choice
1} Which of the following women has a greater risk of hypertensive disorders during pregnancy?
a) a 30-year-old woman who has a high calcium intake
b) a 40-year-old woman living in poverty
c) a 35-year-old mother of one child
d) a 20-year old college student who is overweight
Answer: b
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective 1: 11.1 Describe the events following fertilization, including how the embryo obtains nourishment, and some of the discomforts and complications of pregnancy
Learning Objective 2: 11.1.4 Review the risks associated with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and gestational diabetes.
Section Reference 1: Section 11.1 Changes in the Body During Pregnancy
Question type: True-False
1} Research now indicates that lower-sodium diets may not prevent hypertensive disorders of pregnancy.
True or False? Answer: True
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective 1: 11.1 Describe the events following fertilization, including how the embryo obtains nourishment, and some of the discomforts and complications of pregnancy
Learning Objective 2: LO 11.1.4 Review the risks associated with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and gestational diabetes.
Section Reference 1: Section 11.1 Changes in the Body During Pregnancy
Question type: True-False
1} Since a pregnant woman is providing the nourishment for herself and the fetus, her nutrient and energy needs are doubled throughout the pregnancy.
True or False? Answer: False
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective 1: 11.2 Explain the nutritional needs of a pregnant woman.
Learning Objective 2: 11.2.1 Compare the energy and protein needs of pregnant and nonpregnant women.
Section Reference 1: Section 11.2 Nutritional Needs During Pregnancy
Question type: Multiple-Choice
1} This graph illustrates the differences between the recommended daily intake of several key nutrients and energy. Which of the following statements is true?
a) The water need is equivalent to one additional cup per day.
b) A simple snack of a fruit or nuts would help to achieve the increased fiber recommendation.
c) Energy needs are doubled during pregnancy.
d) As protein needs are greatly increased during pregnancy, amino acid supplements are often recommended.
Answer: a
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective 1: 11.2 Explain the nutritional needs of a pregnant woman.
Learning Objective 2: 11.2.1 Compare the energy and protein needs of pregnant and nonpregnant women.
Section Reference 1: Section 11.2 Nutritional Needs During Pregnancy
Question type: True-False
1} In order to meet the increased energy needs during pregnancy, total fat intake should be increased during pregnancy.
True or False? Answer: False
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective 1: 11.2 Explain the nutritional needs of a pregnant woman.
Learning Objective 2: 11.2.1 Compare the energy and protein needs of pregnant and nonpregnant women.
Section Reference 1: Section 11.2 Nutritional Needs During Pregnancy
Question type: True-False
1} The distribution of kcalories from the energy-yielding macronutrients remains very similar between pregnant and nonpregnant women.
True or False? Answer: True
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective 1: 11.2 Explain the nutritional needs of a pregnant woman.
Learning Objective 2: 11.2.1 Compare the energy and protein needs of pregnant and nonpregnant women.
Section Reference 1: Section 11.2 Nutritional Needs During Pregnancy
Question type: Multiple-Choice
1} Which of the following include nutrients that are most commonly deficient during pregnancy?
a) calcium, vitamin D, and sodium
b) folate and vitamin B12 and potassium
c) iron, zinc, and chloride
d) calcium, folate, and zinc
Answer: d
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective 1: 11.2 Explain the nutritional needs of a pregnant woman.
Learning Objective 2: 11.2.2 Explain why pregnancy increases the need for many vitamins and minerals.
Section Reference 1: Section 11.2 Nutritional Needs During Pregnancy
Question type: True-False
1} To accommodate the growth of the fetal skeletal needs, the calcium recommendation during pregnancy is increased substantially.
True or False? Answer: False
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective 1: 11.2 Explain the nutritional needs of a pregnant woman.
Learning Objective 2: 11.2.2 Explain why pregnancy increases the need for many vitamins and minerals.
Section Reference 1: Section 11.2 Nutritional Needs During Pregnancy
Question type: Multiple-Choice
1} Adequate vitamin D intake is essential to ensure efficient _____ absorption.
a) calcium
b) folate
c) iron
d) zinc
Answer: a
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective 1: 11.2 Explain the nutritional needs of a pregnant woman.
Learning Objective 2: 11.2.2 Explain why pregnancy increases the need for many vitamins and minerals.
Section Reference 1: Section 11.2 Nutritional Needs During Pregnancy
Question type: Multiple-Choice
1} _______ is needed for the synthesis of DNA and for cell division.
a) Calcium
b) Folate
c) Vitamin D
d) Zinc
Answer: b
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective 1: 11.2 Explain the nutritional needs of a pregnant woman.
Learning Objective 2: 11.2.2 Explain why pregnancy increases the need for many vitamins and minerals.
Section Reference 1: Section 11.2 Nutritional Needs During Pregnancy
Question type: Multiple-Choice
1} A folate deficiency during pregnancy increases the risk for all of the following EXCEPT
a) low-birth-weight infants.
b) megaloblastic or macrocytic anemia.
c) neural tube defects, such as spina bifida.
d) preeclampsia.
Answer: d
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective 1: 11.2 Explain the nutritional needs of a pregnant woman.
Learning Objective 2: 11.2.2 Explain why pregnancy increases the need for many vitamins and minerals.
Section Reference 1: Section 11.2 Nutritional Needs During Pregnancy
Question type: Multiple-Choice
1} ________ is essential for the regeneration of active forms of folate.
a) Iron
b) Vitamin B12
c) Vitamin D
d) Zinc
Answer: b
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective 1: 11.2 Explain the nutritional needs of a pregnant woman.
Learning Objective 2: 11.2.2 Explain why pregnancy increases the need for many vitamins and minerals.
Section Reference 1: Section 11.2 Nutritional Needs During Pregnancy
Question type: Multiple-Choice
1} Which of the following statements is FALSE?
a) Many women start pregnancy with diminished iron stores.
b) The RDA for iron during pregnancy is about 150% of that for nonpregnant women.
c) The majority of the iron transferred from the mom to the fetus occurs in the last trimester.
d) Meeting increased iron needs is achieved most easily through the increased consumption of whole-grain products and spinach.
Answer: d
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective 1: 11.2 Explain the nutritional needs of a pregnant woman.
Learning Objective 2: 11.2.2 Explain why pregnancy increases the need for many vitamins and minerals.
Section Reference 1: Section 11.2 Nutritional Needs During Pregnancy
Question type: True-False
1} Vitamin C enhances the absorption of iron.
True or False? Answer: True
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective 1: 11.2 Explain the nutritional needs of a pregnant woman.
Learning Objective 2: 11.2.2 Explain why pregnancy increases the need for many vitamins and minerals.
Section Reference 1: Section 11.2 Nutritional Needs During Pregnancy
Question type: Multiple-Choice
1} Zinc absorption is inhibited by high _____ intake.
a) calcium
b) vitamin C
c) iron
d) niacin
Answer: c
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective 1: 11.2 Explain the nutritional needs of a pregnant woman.
Learning Objective 2: 11.2.2 Explain why pregnancy increases the need for many vitamins and minerals.
Section Reference 1: Section 11.2 Nutritional Needs During Pregnancy
Question type: Multiple-Choice
1} Poor nutrition early in pregnancy is more likely to affect _______ compared to poor nutrition in the latter part of pregnancy that is more likely to affect ________.
a) development of organs and body systems, fetal growth and birth weight
b) fetal growth, cell division and differentiation
c) fetal growth, development of organs and body systems
d) nutritional programming, fetal growth and birth weight
Answer: a
Difficulty: Hard
Learning Objective 1: 11.2 Explain the nutritional needs of a pregnant woman.
Learning Objective 2: 11.2.3 Discuss the need for dietary supplements during pregnancy.
Section Reference 1: Section 11.2 Nutritional Needs During Pregnancy
Question type: True-False
1} Because it is difficult to meet all the vitamin and mineral needs of pregnancy through diet, prenatal supplements are generally prescribed.
True or False? Answer: True
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective 1: 11.2 Explain the nutritional needs of a pregnant woman.
Learning Objective 2: 11.2.3 Discuss the need for dietary supplements during pregnancy.
Section Reference 1: Section 11.2 Nutritional Needs During Pregnancy
Question type: Multiple-Choice
1} Which of the following is NOT a reason why women may experience pica?
a) cultural expectations
b) protection against harmful pathogens and toxins
c) contribution of micronutrients
d) to induce nausea, vomiting and diarrhea
Answer: d
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective 1: 11.2 Explain the nutritional needs of a pregnant woman.
Learning Objective 2: 11.2.3 Discuss the need for dietary supplements during pregnancy.
Section Reference 1: Section 11.2 Nutritional Needs During Pregnancy
Question type: True-False
1} Food cravings during pregnancy indicate that the pregnant woman is deficient in certain vitamins and minerals.
True or False? Answer: False
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective 1: 11.2 Explain the nutritional needs of a pregnant woman.
Learning Objective 2: 11.2.3 Discuss the need for dietary supplements during pregnancy.
Section Reference 1: Section 11.2 Nutritional Needs During Pregnancy
Question type: Multiple-Choice
1} The mechanism by which a mothers poor nutrition during pregnancy may increase the babys risk of obesity later in adulthood is referred to as
a) genetic coding.
b) critical period metabolic alteration.
c) nutritional programming.
d) maternal teratogens.
Answer: c
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective 1: 11.3 Describe the factors that increase health risks to the embryo and fetus during pregnancy.
Learning Objective 2: 11.3.1 Explain what is meant by critical periods of prenatal development.
Section Reference 1: Section 11.3 Factors That Increase Pregnancy Risks
Question type: Multiple-Choice
1} Because the majority of cell differentiation occurs during the ____ phase, this is the time when exposure to teratogens can do the most damage.
a) embryonic
b) fetal
c) implantation
d) zygote
Answer: a
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective 1: 11.3 Describe the factors that increase health risks to the embryo and fetus during pregnancy.
Learning Objective 2: 11.3.1 Explain what is meant by critical periods of prenatal development.
Section Reference 1: Section 11.3 Factors That Increase Pregnancy Risks
Question type: Multiple-Choice
42)Based on the information presented in this visual, why is a folate deficiency most critical during the embryonic period?
a) Vitamin B12 tends to be low during this time.
b) Iron stores in the mother have been depleted.
c) Rapid cell division is occurring during this period.
d) The heart is being developed.
Answer: c
Difficulty: Hard
Learning Objective 1: 11.3 Describe the factors that increase health risks to the embryo and fetus during pregnancy.
Learning Objective 2: 11.3.1 Explain what is meant by critical periods of prenatal development.
Section Reference 1: Section 11.3 Factors That Increase Pregnancy Risks
Question type: Multiple-Choice
1} How does body fat effect fertility?
a) Fertility can be reduced when a woman has low body fat.
b) Fertility can be reduced when a woman has too much body fat.
c) Fertility can be reduced when a woman has low body fat or too much body fat.
d) Body fat has no implication on fertility.
Answer: c
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective 1: 11.3 Describe the factors that increase health risks to the embryo and fetus during pregnancy.
Learning Objective 2: 11.3.2 Discuss how nutritional status can influence the outcome of pregnancy.
Section Reference 1: Section 11.3 Factors That Increase Pregnancy Risks
Question type: True-False
1} Maternal malnutrition can affect the childs risk of developing chronic disease later in life.
True or False? Answer: True
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective 1: 11.3 Describe the factors that increase health risks to the embryo and fetus during pregnancy.
Learning Objective 2: 11.3.2 Discuss how nutritional status can influence the outcome of pregnancy.
Section Reference 1: Section 11.3 Factors That Increase Pregnancy Risks
Question type: Multiple-Choice
1} Beginning in 1998, grain products were fortified with _____ in an attempt to reduce the incidence of neural tube defects.
a) folic acid
b) iron
c) niacin
d) vitamin C
Answer: a
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective 1: 11.2 Explain the nutritional needs of a pregnant woman.
Learning Objective 2: 11.2.2 Explain why pregnancy increases the need for many vitamins and minerals.
Section Reference 1: Section 11.2 Nutritional Needs During Pregnancy
Question type: True-False
1} One of the greatest risk factors for poor pregnancy outcome is poverty.
True or False? Answer: True
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective 1: 11.3 Describe the factors that increase health risks to the embryo and fetus during pregnancy.
Learning Objective 2: 11.3.2 Discuss how nutritional status can influence the outcome of pregnancy.
Section Reference 1: Section 11.3 Factors That Increase Pregnancy Risks
Question type: Multiple-Choice
1} In general, the nutrient needs of a pregnant teen are ______ the nutrient needs of a nonpregnant 39-year-old woman
a) greater than
b) the same as
c) less than
Answer: a
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective 1: 11.3 Describe the factors that increase health risks to the embryo and fetus during pregnancy.
Learning Objective 2: 11.3.3 Explain how a pregnant womans age and health status affect the risks associated with pregnancy.
Section Reference 1: Section 11.3 Factors That Increase Pregnancy Risks
Question type: Multiple-Choice
1} Pregnant teens are at increased risk for all of the following EXCEPT
a) delivering a pre-term infant.
b) delivering a low-birth-weight infant.
c) developing gestational diabetes.
d) developing hypertensive disorders of pregnancy.
Answer: c
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective 1: 11.3 Describe the factors that increase health risks to the embryo and fetus during pregnancy.
Learning Objective 2: 11.3.3 Explain how a pregnant womans age and health status affect the risks associated with pregnancy.
Section Reference 1: Section 11.3 Factors That Increase Pregnancy Risks
Question type: Multiple-Choice
1} Which of the following foods is most commonly associated with mercury contamination?
a) citrus fruits
b) fish
c) nuts
d) tofu
Answer: b
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective 1: 11.3 Describe the factors that increase health risks to the embryo and fetus during pregnancy.
Learning Objective 2: 11.3.4 Describe the effects of alcohol, mercury, and cocaine on the outcome of pregnancy.
Section Reference 1: Section 11.3 Factors That Increase Pregnancy Risks
Question type: Multiple-Choice
1} During which trimester is it safe for a woman to drink alcohol socially?
a) first
b) second
c) third
d) complete abstinence is recommended
Answer: d
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective 1: 11.3 Describe the factors that increase health risks to the embryo and fetus during pregnancy.
Learning Objective 2: 11.3.4 Describe the effects of alcohol, mercury, and cocaine on the outcome of pregnancy.
Section Reference 1: Section 11.3 Factors That Increase Pregnancy Risks
Question type: Multiple-Choice
1} Moderate caffeine consumption of less than _____ does not appear to increase the risk of miscarriage or low birth weight.
a) 100 mg
b) 200 mg
c) 500 mg
d) 600 mg
Answer: b
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective 1: 11.3 Describe the factors that increase health risks to the embryo and fetus during pregnancy.
Learning Objective 2: 11.3.4 Describe the effects of alcohol, mercury, and cocaine on the outcome of pregnancy.
Section Reference 1: Section 11.3 Factors That Increase Pregnancy Risks
Question type: True-False
1} Exposure to second-hand smoke is not a concern for a pregnant woman or the fetus.
True or False? Answer: False
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective 1: 11.3 Describe the factors that increase health risks to the embryo and fetus during pregnancy.
Learning Objective 2: 11.3.4 Describe the effects of alcohol, mercury, and cocaine on the outcome of pregnancy.
Section Reference 1: Section 11.3 Factors That Increase Pregnancy Risks
Question type: Multiple-Choice
1} Which of the following is NOT characteristic of cocaines effects during pregnancy?
a) It is a central nervous system stimulant.
b) Use by the mother during pregnancy increases her risk for a miscarriage.
c) It is a large molecule; therefore, it does not cross the placenta and enter fetal blood.
d) It constricts blood vessels, thereby reducing oxygen and nutrient delivery to the fetus.
Answer: c
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective 1: 11.3 Describe the factors that increase health risks to the embryo and fetus during pregnancy.
Learning Objective 2: 11.3.4 Describe the effects of alcohol, mercury, and cocaine on the outcome of pregnancy.
Section Reference 1: Section 11.3 Factors That Increase Pregnancy Risks
Question type: Multiple-Choice
1} All of these factors impact disorders and impairments linked to prenatal alcohol exposure EXCEPT
a) the amount of alcohol consumed during pregnancy.
b) the timing of alcohol in relation to trimesters.
c) the length or frequency of exposure during pregnancy.
d) the type of alcohol consumed during pregnancy.
Answer: d
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective 1: 11.3 Describe the factors that increase health risks to the embryo and fetus during pregnancy.
Learning Objective 2: 11.3.4 Describe the effects of alcohol, mercury, and cocaine on the outcome of pregnancy.
Section Reference 1: Section 11.3 Factors That Increase Pregnancy Risks
Question type: Multiple-Choice
1} The term let down refers to the
a) changes in the size of the breasts during lactation.
b) production of breast milk.
c) oxytocin that is secreted during infant delivery.
d) release of breast milk from mammary glands.
Answer: d
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective 1: 11.4 Explain milk production and the nutritional needs of the mother during lactation.
Learning Objective 2: 11.4.1 Describe the events that trigger milk production and let-down.
Section Reference 1: Section 11.4 Lactation
Question type: Multiple-Choice
1} Which of the following is the hormone that stimulates milk production in a woman who has just given birth?
a) human chorionic gonadotropin
b) parathyroid hormone
c) progestin
d) prolactin
Answer: d
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective 1: 11.4 Explain milk production and the nutritional needs of the mother during lactation.
Learning Objective 2: 11.4.1 Describe the events that trigger milk production and let-down.
Section Reference 1: Section 11.4 Lactation
Question type: Multiple-Choice
1} Oxytocin
a) causes let-down to occur.
b) causes morning sickness during pregnancy.
c) increases maternal weight gain during pregnancy.
d) results in increased blood volume in mother during pregnancy.
Answer: a
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective 1: 11.4 Explain milk production and the nutritional needs of the mother during lactation.
Learning Objective 2: 11.4.1 Describe the events that trigger milk production and let-down.
Section Reference 1: Section 11.4 Lactation
Question type: Multiple-Choice
1} Based on the breast milk consumption of an infant during the first 6 months of life, approximately _____calories are required from the mother each day.
a) 100
b) 250
c) 500
d) 750
Answer: c
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective 1: 11.4 Explain milk production and the nutritional needs of the mother during lactation.
Learning Objective 2: 11.4.2 Discuss the energy and water needs of lactating women.
Section Reference 1: Section 11.4 Lactation
Question type: Multiple-Choice
1} To avoid dehydration and ensure adequate breast milk production, women who are breastfeeding should consume about _____ of additional fluid each day.
a) 1 cup
b) 1 pint
c) 1 liter
d) 1 gallon
Answer: c
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective 1: 11.4 Explain milk production and the nutritional needs of the mother during lactation.
Learning Objective 2: 11.4.2 Discuss the energy and water needs of lactating women.
Section Reference 1: Section 11.4 Lactation
Question type: Multiple-Choice
1} The recommendation for which of the following is NOT increased during lactation when compared to the recommendations during pregnancy?
a) carbohydrates
b) fiber
c) protein
d) water
Answer: c
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective 1: 11.4 Explain milk production and the nutritional needs of the mother during lactation.
Learning Objective 2: 11.4.3 Compare the micronutrient needs of lactating women with those of nonpregnant, nonlactating women.
Section Reference 1: Section 11.4 Lactation
Question type: True-False
1} Rapid weight loss usually has no effect on lactation or milk production.
True or False? Answer: False
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective 1: 11.4 Explain milk production and the nutritional needs of the mother during lactation.
Learning Objective 2: 11.4.3 Compare the micronutrient needs of lactating women with those of nonpregnant, nonlactating women.
Section Reference 1: Section 11.4 Lactation
Question type: Multiple-Choice
1} Which of the following statements is FALSE?
a) Folate needs are increased during lactation because it is secreted in the breast milk.
b) Vitamin B12 may be deficient in the breast milk of vegan mothers.
c) Iron needs are increased during lactation as it is secreted in the breast milk.
d) Increasing calcium intake during lactation does not prevent loss of calcium from maternal bones.
Answer: c
Difficulty: Hard
Learning Objective 1: 11.4 Explain milk production and the nutritional needs of the mother during lactation.
Learning Objective 2: 11.4.3 Compare the micronutrient needs of lactating women with those of nonpregnant, nonlactating women.
Section Reference 1: Section 11.4 Lactation
Question type: Multiple-Choice
1} What parameters are used on growth charts to assess an infants growth?
a) height, weight, and body fat
b) body fat, head circumference, and weight
c) height, weight, and head circumference
d) body fat, head circumference and weight
Answer: c
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective 1: 11.5 Discuss the nutritional needs of infants and the recommended practices for feeding infants.
Learning Objective 2: 11.5.1 Explain how growth charts are used to monitor the nutritional well-being of infants.
Section Reference 1: Section 11.5 Nutrition for Infants
Question type: Multiple-Choice
1} Based on the graph, which of the following is the correct interpretation of the information provided in the graph?
a) The infants birth weight is much higher than the general population.
b) The infant had weight gain that was much greater than expected from 15 to 18 months of age.
c) The infants birth weight is lower than the general population and has remained at this percentile into childhood.
d) This infant experienced catch-up growth between 3 and 6 months of age.
Answer: c
Difficulty: Hard
Learning Objective 1: 11.5 Discuss the nutritional needs of infants and the recommended practices for feeding infants.
Learning Objective 2: 11.5.1 Explain how growth charts are used to monitor the nutritional well-being of infants.
Section Reference 1: Section 11.5 Nutrition for Infants
Question type: Multiple-Choice
1} A general rule of thumb is that an infant should ______ its birth weight by the first birthday.
a) double
b) triple
c) quadruple
Answer: b
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective 1: 11.5 Discuss the nutritional needs of infants and the recommended practices for feeding infants.
Learning Objective 2: 11.5.1 Explain how growth charts are used to monitor the nutritional well-being of infants.
Section Reference 1: Section 11.5 Nutrition for Infants
Question type: True-False
1} Growth charts can be used to compare an infants growth with that of other infants the same age.
True or False? Answer: True
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective 1: 11.5 Discuss the nutritional needs of infants and the recommended practices for feeding infants.
Learning Objective 2: 11.5.1 Explain how growth charts are used to monitor the nutritional well-being of infants.
Section Reference 1: Section 11.5 Nutrition for Infants
Question type: Multiple-Choice
1} According to this growth chart, the infant boy has
a) diabetes.
b) failure to thrive.
c) obesity.
d) normal growth.
Answer: d
Difficulty: Hard
Learning Objective 1: 11.5 Discuss the nutritional needs of infants and the recommended practices for feeding infants.
Learning Objective 2: 11.5.1 Explain how growth charts are used to monitor the nutritional well-being of infants.
Section Reference 1: Section 11.5 Nutrition for Infants
Question type: True-False
1} Infants require more calories per pound of body weight than adults.
True or False? Answer: True
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective 1: 11.5 Discuss the nutritional needs of infants and the recommended practices for feeding infants.
Learning Objective 2: 11.5.2 Contrast the energy and macronutrient needs of infants and adults.
Section Reference 1: Section 11.5 Nutrition for Infants
Question type: Multiple-Choice
1} Which of the following nutrients make up the majority of an infants diet during the first 6 months of life?
a) carbohydrate
b) fat
c) iron
d) protein
Answer: b
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective 1: 11.5 Discuss the nutritional needs of infants and the recommended practices for feeding infants.
Learning Objective 2: 11.5.2 Contrast the energy and macronutrient needs of infants and adults.
Section Reference 1: Section 11.5 Nutrition for Infants
Question type: Multiple-Choice
1} Based on the information presented in this graphic, which of the following statements is FALSE?
a) The total amount of energy required by a newborn is less than the amount needed by adult.
b) An infants need for calories per kilogram of body weight is greater than those needed by an adult.
c) An infants need for calories per kilogram of body weight is less than those needed by an adult.
d) The total amount of energy needed by an adult is greater than that needed by an infant.
Answer: c
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective 1: 11.5 Discuss the nutritional needs of infants and the recommended practices for feeding infants.
Learning Objective 2: 11.5.2 Contrast the energy and macronutrient needs of infants and adults.
Section Reference 1: Section 11.5 Nutrition for Infants
Question type: True-False
1} Because infants change so much during the first year, energy requirements are made for three age groups: 0 to 3 months, 4 to 6 months, and 7 to 12 months.
True or False? Answer: True
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective 1: 11.5 Discuss the nutritional needs of infants and the recommended practices for feeding infants.
Learning Objective 2: 11.5.2 Contrast the energy and macronutrient needs of infants and adults.
Section Reference 1: Section 11.5 Nutrition for Infants
Question type: True-False
1} Healthy infants consume about 55% of their energy as fat during the first 6 months of life.
True or False? Answer: True
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective 1: 11.5 Discuss the nutritional needs of infants and the recommended practices for feeding infants.
Learning Objective 2: 11.5.2 Contrast the energy and macronutrient needs of infants and adults.
Section Reference 1: Section 11.5 Nutrition for Infants
Question type: Multiple-Choice
1} Infants have a _____ proportion of body water than adults.
a) higher
b) lower
c) very similar
Answer: a
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective 1: 11.5 Discuss the nutritional needs of infants and the recommended practices for feeding infants.
Learning Objective 2: 11.5.2 Contrast the energy and macronutrient needs of infants and adults.
Section Reference 1: Section 11.5 Nutrition for Infants
Question type: Multiple-Choice
1} _______ is the nutrient that is most common deficiency in infants who are consuming adequate energy and protein.
a) Calcium
b) Iron
c) Vitamin D
d) Zinc
Answer: b
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective 1: 11.5 Discuss the nutritional needs of infants and the recommended practices for feeding infants.
Learning Objective 2: 11.5.2 Contrast the energy and macronutrient needs of infants and adults.
Section Reference 1: Section 11.5 Nutrition for Infants
Question type: Multiple-Choice
1} Newborn infants are given a shot of ____ at birth to prevent uncontrolled bleeding.
a) calcium
b) iron
c) vitamin D
d) vitamin K
Answer: d
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective 1: 11.5 Discuss the nutritional needs of infants and the recommended practices for feeding infants.
Learning Objective 2: 11.5.2 Contrast the energy and macronutrient needs of infants and adults.
Section Reference 1: Section 11.5 Nutrition for Infants
Question type: True-False
1} Breast milk is low in vitamin D.
True or False? Answer: True
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective 1: 11.5 Discuss the nutritional needs of infants and the recommended practices for feeding infants.
Learning Objective 2: 11.5.3 Compare the benefits of breast feeding and formula feeding.
Section Reference 1: Section 11.5 Nutrition for Infants
Question type: True-False
1} Fluoride is important for tooth development, even before the teeth erupt.
True or False? Answer: True
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective 1: 11.5 Discuss the nutritional needs of infants and the recommended practices for feeding infants.
Learning Objective 2: 11.5.2 Contrast the energy and macronutrient needs of infants and adults.
Section Reference 1: Section 11.5 Nutrition for Infants
Question type: Multiple-Choice
1} The first milk that is produced by the breast, containing more immune factors than milk produced later in lactation, is called
a) colostrum.
b) cows milk.
c) formula.
d) mature milk.
Answer: a
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective 1: 11.5 Discuss the nutritional needs of infants and the recommended practices for feeding infants.
Learning Objective 2: 11.5.3 Compare the benefits of breast-feeding and formula-feeding.
Section Reference 1: Section 11.5 Nutrition for Infants
Question type: Multiple-Choice
1} Which of the following statements about breast milk is FALSE?
a) Breast milk contains antibodies that provide immune protection to infant.
b) Hormones present in breastmilk make the infant grow larger much more quickly as compared to formula-fed infants.
c) The strong suckling required for breast feeding contributes to speech development.
d) Enzymes in breast milk prevent the growth of harmful microorganisms in the infants colon.
Answer: b
Difficulty: Hard
Learning Objective 1: 11.5 Discuss the nutritional needs of infants and the recommended practices for feeding infants.
Learning Objective 2: 11.5.3 Compare the benefits of breast-feeding and formula-feeding.
Section Reference 1: Section 11.5 Nutrition for Infants
Question type: Multiple-Choice
1} Which of the following statements about feeding infants is true?
a) The microorganisms that cause colds are passed from the mother to infant in breast milk.
b) HIV infection is passed from the mother to the infant in breast milk.
c) Nicotine from cigarettes is not passed from the mother to infant in breast milk.
d) Breastfeeding leads to decreased bone density in the lactating mother.
Answer: b
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective 1: 11.5 Discuss the nutritional needs of infants and the recommended practices for feeding infants.
Learning Objective 2: 11.5.3 Compare the benefits of breast-feeding and formula-feeding.
Section Reference 1: Section 11.5 Nutrition for Infants
Question type: True-False
1} Mothers who are breast feeding should avoid consuming large amounts of caffeine because caffeine can pass into the breast milk.
True or False? Answer: True
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective 1: 11.5 Discuss the nutritional needs of infants and the recommended practices for feeding infants.
Learning Objective 2: 11.5.3 Compare the benefits of breast-feeding and formula-feeding.
Section Reference 1: Section 11.5 Nutrition for Infants
Question type: True-False
1} Exclusive breast feeding for the first 6 months of pregnancy has no effect on infants risk of developing a food allergy.
True or False? Answer: False
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective 1: 11.5 Discuss the nutritional needs of infants and the recommended practices for feeding infants.
Learning Objective 2: 11.5.3 Compare the benefits of breast-feeding and formula-feeding.
Section Reference 1: Section 11.5 Nutrition for Infants
Question type: Multiple-Choice
1} At what point are infants ready for solid or semi-solid foods?
a) at 2 months of age
b) between 4 to 6 months of age
c) immediately after being born
d) at the first birthday
Answer: b
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective 1: 11.5 Discuss the nutritional needs of infants and the recommended practices for feeding infants.
Learning Objective 2: 11.5.4 Discuss the importance of choosing foods that are appropriate for a childs developmental stage.
Section Reference 1: Section 11.5 Nutrition for Infants
Question type: True-False
1} Food allergies are more common in infants younger than 3 months of age because they lack the ability to completely digest protein.
True or False? Answer: True
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective 1: 11.5 Discuss the nutritional needs of infants and the recommended practices for feeding infants.
Learning Objective 2: 11.5.4 Discuss the importance of choosing foods that are appropriate for a childs developmental stage.
Section Reference 1: Section 11.5 Nutrition for Infants
Question type: True-False
1} An overweight child is more likely to become overweight as an adult in comparison with a child who is not overweight.
True or False? Answer: True
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective 1: 11.5 Discuss the nutritional needs of infants and the recommended practices for feeding infants.
Learning Objective 2: 11.5.4 Discuss the importance of choosing foods that are appropriate for a childs developmental stage.
Section Reference 1: Section 11.5 Nutrition for Infants
Question type: Multiple-Choice
1} The most commonly recommended first food for infants is
a) iron-fortified infant rice cereal.
b) iron-fortified infant multi-grain cereal.
c) strained peaches.
d) strained peas.
Answer: a
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective 1: 11.5 Discuss the nutritional needs of infants and the recommended practices for feeding infants.
Learning Objective 2: 11.5.4 Discuss the importance of choosing foods that are appropriate for a childs developmental stage.
Section Reference 1: Section 11.5 Nutrition for Infants
Question type: Multiple-Choice
1} Cows milk should never be fed to infants because it is too high in ______ and too low in ______.
a) lactose, protein
b) calcium, vitamin D
c) protein, iron
d) lactose, iron
Answer: c
Difficulty: Hard
Learning Objective 1: 11.5 Discuss the nutritional needs of infants and the recommended practices for feeding infants.
Learning Objective 2: 11.5.4 Discuss the importance of choosing foods that are appropriate for a childs developmental stage.
Section Reference 1: Section 11.5 Nutrition for Infants
Question type: True-False
1} Honey should never be fed to children younger than 1 year due to the increased risk of salmonella food poisoning.
True or False? Answer: False
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective 1: 11.5 Discuss the nutritional needs of infants and the recommended practices for feeding infants.
Learning Objective 2: 11.5.4 Discuss the importance of choosing foods that are appropriate for a childs developmental stage.
Section Reference 1: Section 11.5 Nutrition for Infants
Question type: True-False
1} New foods should be introduced to infants one at a time to monitor food allergies.
True or False? Answer: True
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective 1: 11.5 Discuss the nutritional needs of infants and the recommended practices for feeding infants.
Learning Objective 2: 11.5.4 Discuss the importance of choosing foods that are appropriate for a childs developmental stage.
Section Reference 1: Section 11.5 Nutrition for Infants
Question type: Multiple-Choice
1} Which of the following fatty acids are essential for the development of the infants retina and brain?
a) ALA
b) trans fatty acids
c) EPA
d) DHA and ARA
Answer: d
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective 1: 11.5 Discuss the nutritional needs of infants and the recommended practices for feeding infants.
Learning Objective 2: 11.5.4 Discuss the importance of choosing foods that are appropriate for a childs developmental stage.
Section Reference 1: Section 11.5 Nutrition for Infants
Question type: True-False
1} While the DHA- and ARA-fortified formulas offer great benefits to infant formula, breastfeeding is still preferred.
True or False? Answer: True
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective 1: 11.5 Discuss the nutritional needs of infants and the recommended practices for feeding infants.
Learning Objective 2: 11.5.3 Compare the benefits of breast-feeding and formula-feeding.
Section Reference 1: Section 11.5 Nutrition for Infants
Question type: Multiple-Choice
1} DHA is made from ____ fatty acids while ARA is made from _____ fatty acids.
a) omega 3, omega 6
b) omega 6, omega 3
c) trans, saturated
d) omega 9, trans
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