The nurse is reviewing an electrocardiogram (ECG) rhythm strip. The P waves and QRS complexes are regular. The PR interval is 0.16 second and QRS complexes measure 0.06 second. The overall heart rate is 64 beats/minute.
What should the nurse interpret these findings as indicating?
1. normal heart function
2. sick sinus syndrome
3. sinus bradycardia
4. first-degree heart block
Question 2A patient being evaluated for cardiac pathology asks the nurse why sodium, calcium, and potassium are so important in the diet. What is the nurse's best response?
1. The action potentials of the heart muscle cells are dependent on the diffusion of sodium, potassium, and calcium across the cell membrane.
2. Because you are on potassium supplements, it is important to monitor electrolytes.
3. Heart rate is affected by the oxygen levels in your body, which involves the attachment of oxygen molecules to these electrolytes.
4. It is the pacemaker of your heart that is responsible for the heartbeat.
Question 3The nurse is planning to calculate a patient's cardiac index (CI). What physical assessment data does the nurse need to make this calculation?
1. weight and height
2. weight only
3. weight and waist measurement
4. waist measurement and height
Question 4The nurse is reviewing the layers of the heart with a patient with endocarditis. From outermost to innermost, in which order should the nurse review these layers?
1. epicardium
2. myocardium
3. endocardium
4. pericardial cavity
5. fibrous pericardium
6. parietal layer of serous pericardium
Question 5A patient has a stroke volume (SV) of 80 mL/beat and a heart rate (HR) of 75 beats/minute. What should the nurse calculate this patient's cardiac output to be? ________ mL
Record your answer rounding to the nearest whole number.
Question 6A patient with chronic kidney disease is prescribed a diet containing 0.75 grams of protein per kg of body weight per day. The patient weighs 231 lbs. How many grams of protein should the nurse instruct the patient to ingest each day?
Calculate to the nearest whole number.
Question 7The nurse is reviewing the anatomy of the heart with a patient scheduled for a cardiac catheterization. What should the nurse explain as the primary factor that regulates blood flow through the coronary arteries?
1. blood pressure in the aorta
2. blood vessel dilation
3. low-pressure systemic circulation
4. draining of blood into the coronary sinus by the coronary veins
Question 8A patient is in the recovery phase of acute tubular necrosis (ATN). What manifestations should the nurse observe that indicate this phase is progressing as expected?
Select all that apply.
1. elevated serum potassium level
2. urine output excessive for intake
3. elevated blood urea nitrogen level
4. decrease in serum phosphate level
5. urine output low in relation to intake
Question 9A patient weighing 209 lbs. is suspected of being in stage 2 of an acute kidney injury. If the nurse uses the standard output of 0.5mL/kg/h,
what is the maximum amount of urine that this patient should produce for 18 hours to confirm this stage of kidney injury?
Record your answer rounding to the nearest whole number.
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