Factors that contribute to malnutrition in patients with chronic renal failure include:
a. excessive fluid retention.
b. altered taste sensation.
c. altered bowel function.
d. anorexia and catabolism.
Q. 2Electrolyte imbalances that occur in chronic renal failure include:
a. high serum potassium.
b. low serum potassium.
c. high serum calcium.
d. low serum phosphorus.
Q. 3In patients with CKD, sodium intake does not usually need to be restricted until GFR falls to:
a. 10 mL/min/1.73 m2.
b. 50 mL/min/1.73 m2.
c. 75 mL/min/1.73 m2.
d. 100 mL/min/1.73 m2.
Q. 4Osteodystrophy develops because of the kidney's inability to:
a. excrete calcium.
b. activate vitamin D.
c. reabsorb protein.
d. excrete urea and creatinine.
Q. 5The presence of protein in the urine is called:
a. hematuria.
b. oliguria.
c. proteinuria.
d. glycosuria.
Q. 6Significant comorbidities in patients with CKD include:
a. cancer.
b. neuropathy.
c. malnutrition.
d. liver failure.
Q. 7Patients with CKD who have excessive sodium intakes may experience:
a. nausea and vomiting.
b. excessive thirst and oliguria.
c. lethargy and exhaustion.
d. edema and hypertension.
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