Compare and contrast the concepts of progressive resistance exercise (PRE) and the overload ...

Answer to #1

The overload principle states that a muscle will increase in strength and/or endurance only when it works against a
workload that is greater than normal. Progressive resistance exercise (PRE) is the application of the overload
principle to strength and endurance exercise programs.

Answer to #2

Genetics plays a primary role in determining muscle ber type. Fiber type distribution can be altered by training.
Most studies have shown exercise training to increase the relative proportion of intermediate bers.

Answer to #3

Human skeletal muscle can be classied into three major ber types:
(1) slow-twitch, (2) intermediate, and (3) fast-twitch. Slow-twitch bers shorten slowly but are highly resistant to
fatigue. Fast-twitch bers shorten rapidly but fatigue rapidly. Intermediate bers possess a combination of the
characteristics of fast- and slow-twitch bers.

Answer to #4

Isotonic or dynamic contractions are contractions that result in movement of a body part. Isometric contractions
involve the development of force but result in no movement of body parts. Concentric contractions are isotonic
muscle contractions involving muscle shortening. In contrast, eccentric contractions (also called negative
contractions) are dened as isotonic contractions in which the muscle exerts force while lengthening.

Answer to #5

Muscular strength can be measured using the one repetition maximum (1 RM) test, which measures the maximum
amount of weight that can be lifted one time. Because the 1 RM test is not suitable for older individuals or
deconditioned people, often the estimated 1 RM test is used to evaluate muscular strength. The estimated 1 RM test
measures the maximum amount of weight that can be lifted 10 times (called the 10 RM). Using this weight, you can
estimate 1 RM using the 1 RM Prediction Table (Table 4.2).

Answer to #6

Muscle contraction is regulated by signals coming from motor nerves. Motor nerves originate in the spinal cord and
send nerve bers to individual muscles throughout the body. The motor nerve and all the muscle bers it controls is
called a motor unit.

All are correct

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