Explain the basic countermeasures to be taken by organizations to protect themselves against data breaches.

 There is no list of countermeasures for each type of data breach. Each attack is unique and requires its own set of countermeasures. As a starting point, however, organizations should appoint a chief information security officer (CISO) to ensure sufficient executive support and resources are given to the process of data protection. Organizations then need to implement security safeguards and appropriate data protections based on internal policies. In addition, special consideration should be given to regulatory requirements if the organization is storing certain types of sensitive data. Finally, organizations should form a computer security incidence report team, have a business continuity plan in place, and rehearse their incident response plan.

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