1) Germ cells are specialized cells that develop into gametes. Gametes are produced through the process of meiosis.
If the diploid number for humans is 46 chromosomes, how many chromatids does a cell undergoing meiosis have at each of the following phases?
Select the row that correctly shows the number of chromatids at each phase.
a. G2 of Interphase Metaphase I Prophase II
46 46 23
b. G2 of Interphase Metaphase I Prophase II
46 92 23
c. G2 of Interphase Metaphase I Prophase II
92 46 46
d. G2 of Interphase Metaphase I Prophase II
92 92 46
2) In an organism with a diploid number of 16, how many chromatids are present in each of the following phases:
Answer Answer Answer
Mitotic metaphase Meiotic metaphase I Meiotic metaphase II
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Use the following information to answer the next question.
During metaphase I of meiosis, tetrads align along the metaphase plate independently of each other. Therefore, there is a random “shuffle” of maternal and paternal chromosomes in the resulting gametes.
The following diagram demonstrates how this works in a diploid cell with four chromosomes open parentheses (2n= 4 ). Because there are two pairs of chromosomes and each pair can align in one of two ways during metaphase I, the number of possible variations in the gametes produced is 2^2, or 4.
For an organism that is (2n =6), there are three pairs of chromosomes, so the number of possible variations in the gametes produced due to independent assortment in metaphase I is 2 ^3, or 8.
In an organism with a haploid number of 7, how many possible combinations of maternal and paternal chromosomes can occur in its gametes?
a. 2 ^ 7 = 128
b. 2 ^ 14 = 16 384
c. 7 ^2 = 49
d. 1 ^ 7 = 7