I was able to find the final, I had to explore variations of my search. Thanks duddy!
Question 1 of 21 5.0 Points
When is an individual considered to be suffering from morbid obesity?
A. 50 pounds overweight
B. 75 pounds overweight
C. 100 pounds overweight
D. When his body shape is wider than his height.
Answer Key: C
Question 2 of 21 5.0 Points
Which one of the following is the most likely to be a hotter fire?
A. A chemical fire
B. A house fire
C. A garbage dump
D. A human body
Answer Key: A
Question 3 of 21 5.0 Points
Heat and fire gases do which of the following?
A. a. Remain low to the ground.
B. Both rise to the highest point in a room.
C. Heat rises and gases remain low.
D. Gases cause heat to cool.
Answer Key: B
Question 4 of 21 5.0 Points
While dining at a restaurant, a victim suddenly is unable to speak or breathe, coughs violently, clutches her chest in distress, and collapses. This MAY be a case of which of the following?
A. food poisoning
B. caf? coronary
C. shock of learning of her husband's affair
D. gunshot wound to the back of her head
Answer Key: B
Question 5 of 21 5.0 Points
Drowning is the leading cause of death in children under four years of age in which of the following states?
A. South Carolina, Georgia and Florida
B. Maine, Michigan and Florida
C. California, Oregon and Washington
D. California, Arizona and Florida
Answer Key: D
Question 6 of 21 5.0 Points
The flaps of the epidermis that are attached on the edge of a wound show the direction of a bullet. This type of bullet wound is called what?
A. Skipping
B. Grazing
C. Direct
D. Beveling
Answer Key: B
Question 7 of 21 5.0 Points
Tardieu's spots are usually associated with what mode or type of asphyxia?
A. Strangulation
B. Mechanical asphyxia
C. Hanging
D. Chemical asphyxia
Answer Key: C
Question 8 of 21 2.0 Points
On the average a contusion that is "yellowish" in color is about how many days old? Answers are to be 3 or 4 sentences.
According to our text, a contusion is the escape of blood into the tissues following the rupture of vessels, usually capillaries, by the application of blunt force. Bruises change in appearance over time, and it is possible to tell by looking at a bruise how old it is. According to our power point slides, when it appears, a bruise is a yellowish color that shows it is approximately 7-14 days old. References: Spitz, Werner U. (Ed). (2006). Spitz and Fisher’s Medicolegal Investigation of Death: Guidelines for the Application of Pathology to Crime Investigations, 4th edition
Question 9 of 21 2.0 Points
Define: Blunt Force Injury. Answers are to be 3 or 4 sentences.
According to our power point slides blunt force injuries are injuries produced by blunt impacts which disrupt the integrity of tissues. Tissues can be external (skin) or internal (organs). Blunt force injuries are associated with three manners of death. These manners of death are accidents, homicides, and suicides. Injuries associated with blunt force injuries are classified into two primary groups that help to define the type of injury from trivial to massive in nature, these two primary groups are closed and open. References: Spitz, Werner U. (Ed). (2006). Spitz and Fisher’s Medicolegal Investigation of Death: Guidelines for the Application of Pathology to Crime Investigations, 4th edition
Question 10 of 21 2.0 Points
Define: Patterned Abrasion. Be sure to give an example to show your understanding of the term. Answers are to be 3 or 4 sentences.
According to our text and power point slides, A patterned abrasion is an abrasion that may exhibit a pattern and may help identify the weapon that inflicted the injury. There are several objects that may leave a pattern abrasion. A tire mark or a muzzle imprint of a gun would be considered patterned abrasions. References: Spitz, Werner U. (Ed). (2006). Spitz and Fisher’s Medicolegal Investigation of Death: Guidelines for the Application of Pathology to Crime Investigations, 4th edition
Question 11 of 21 2.0 Points
List and explain the five manner's of death.
The five manners of death are Natural, Accidental, Suicide, Homicide, and Undetermined. Natural manner of death would be a death due to natural disease process for example a heart disease. Homicide manner of death is the killing of one human being by the act or omission of another, for example a police officer in performance of his duty kills a suspect, this manner of death would be considered homicide. Suicide would be the deliberate or intentional termination of one's existence for example if one takes one too many pills to end their life. Accident manner of death is an unexpected death which results from a lawful act performed under a reasonable belief that no harm is possible, for example an unintentional fall or collision that results in death. Finally undetermined death is used when the information pointing to one manner of death is more compelling than one or more other competing manners of death when all available information is considered. This is usually an interim classification that indicates a level of uncertainty about the circumstances surrounding death. This classification is usually changed once the results of the autopsy are received. Undetermined is intended for cases in which it is impossible to establish, with reasonable medical certainty, the circumstances of death after a thorough investigation, for example poisoning. References: Spitz, Werner U. (Ed). (2006). Spitz and Fisher’s Medicolegal Investigation of Death: Guidelines for the Application of Pathology to Crime Investigations, 4th edition
Question 12 of 21 2.0 Points
Define: Sharp Force Injury. Answers are to be 3 or 4 sentences.
According to our text and power point slides, Sharp force injuries are injuries produced by sharp-edged objects. Basic lesions are incised wound, stab wound, and chop wound. Most sharp force injury deaths are caused by objects whose primary function is not that of an offensive weapon. For example kitchen knife vs switch blade knife. References: Spitz, Werner U. (Ed). (2006). Spitz and Fisher’s Medicolegal Investigation of Death: Guidelines for the Application of Pathology to Crime Investigations, 4th edition
Question 13 of 21 2.0 Points
Define the term: Sudden and Unexpected Death. Answers are to be 3 or 4 sentences.
According to our text clinically unexplained deaths fall into two categories. Those categories are those that occur in patients who have been studied extensively during prolonged, complex illnesses without a satisfactory diagnosis having been established, and those that follow an illness of such brief duration that there has been little or no opportunity for medical observation or studies to provide a reasonable explanation for what has occurred. The more unexpected the death, the more likely it is to be unexplained. Sudden and unexpected deaths occur in persons with varying medical backgrounds, including those in whom a diagnosis of potentially lethal disease has never been made. The terms sudden and unexpected have different meanings for different people. It is my understanding that sudden death is a death that occurs unexpectedly and from 1 to 24 hours after the onset of symptoms, with or without known preexisting conditions. References: The Free Dictionary By Farlex, Sudden Death
http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/sudden+death Spitz, Werner U. (Ed). (2006). Spitz and Fisher’s Medicolegal Investigation of Death: Guidelines for the Application of Pathology to Crime Investigations, 4th edition
Question 14 of 21 4.0 Points
What is a "stellate" appearing wound? First describe the wound and, secondly, provide an example of what might cause a wound of this type. Keep in mind, there are more than one example of an instrument that would create a stellate wound.
According to the book gunshot wounds: Practical Aspects of Firearms, Ballistics, and Forensic Techniques, Second Edition by Vincent J.M. Di Maio, contact wounds in regions of the body where only a thin layer of skin and subcutaneous tissues overlies bone usually have a stellate or cruciform appearance that is totally unlike the round or oval perforating wounds seen in other areas. The most common area in which stellate wounds occur is the head. The unusual appearance of contact wounds over bone is due to the effects of the gas of discharge. When a weapon is fired, the gases produced by the combustion of the propellant emerge from the barrel in a highly compressed state. In hard contact wounds, they follow the bullet through the skin into the subcutaneous tissue where they immediately begin to expand. Where a thin layer of skin overlies bone, as in the head, these gases expand between the skin and the outer table of the skull, lifting up and ballooning out the skin. If stretching exceeds the elasticity of the skin, it will tear. These tears radiate from the entrance, producing a stellate or cruciform appearing wound of entrance. Some contact wounds over bone, instead of the classical stellate or cruciform wound, one finds a very large circular wound with ragged, blackened, and seared margins. This type of wound is more common with the less powerful calibers such as the .32 ACP or .380 ACP. Stellate entrance wounds can occur in individuals shot at intermediate or distant range, where gas plays no role in the production of a wound. An example of what might cause a wound of this type would be a shot to the temple from a .38 special revolver. A tangential gunshot wound of the face may simulate a stellate contact wound as well. Reference: Gunshot wounds: Practical Aspects of Firearms, Ballistics, and Forensic Techniques, Second Edition by Vincent J.M. Di Maio
Question 15 of 21 4.0 Points
Describe tissue "bridging," and provide an example to show your understanding of the term.
According to the website ADA County, Coroner Investigations (2009)
http://www.adaweb.net/Coroner/CoronerInvestigations/2009Archive/October2009.aspx Lacerations are skin splits caused by blunt force blows. They can be quite irregular or linear depending on the configuration of the blunt instrument used. They are readily distinguished from incised wounds by examination. Lacerations have tissue bridges which are slender strands of tissue extending from side to side at the base and edges of the injury. Injuries caused by knives have edges and margins. Tissue bridging is not present in incised injuries. References: ADA County, Coroner Investigations (2009)
http://www.adaweb.net/Coroner/CoronerInvestigations/2009Archive/October2009.aspx Question 16 of 21 5.0 Points
How might we distinguish between homicidal and suicidal incised wounds of the neck? Clearly explain the differences.
According to our text suicidal stabbings are frequently accompanied by superficial, hesitation type cuts predominately situated in the wrists and front of the neck, less commonly in the bend of the elbows or on the ankles. Single or grouped superficial stab wounds below the chin are more likely the result of taunting in a case of homicide. The appearance of suicidal cuts is usually characteristic, they are multiple and parallel of variable depth whose edges commonly reveal several sharp angles, as if resulting from sawing of the skin, with repeated tentative incisions at the same location. Frequently numerous superficial, parallel cuts and scratches indicate repeated trials before the build up of sufficient courage for the final deep gash that severs major blood vessels or exposes the trachea or larynx. Such superficial cuts, or evidence of sawing, are referred to as hesitation wounds or hesitation marks. These cuts are mostly straight because sharp knives and razor blades are used. Suicidal cuts with a straight razor are unusual, except in older individuals, because the decreased popularity of this type of shaving device. Sometimes suicidal cuts are jagged and irregular, as when a piece of broken glass is used. Most homicidal throat slashings are produced with the assailant behind the victim. In this position a slash of the neck would run from left to right, if the assailant is right handed, and in the opposite direction if he is left handed. References: Spitz, Werner U. (Ed). (2006). Spitz and Fisher’s Medicolegal Investigation of Death: Guidelines for the Application of Pathology to Crime Investigations, 4th edition
Question 17 of 21 5.0 Points
How does a stab wound differ from an incision? Be sure to define both, provide examples and show your understanding of the terms. One sentence is not an efficient answer.
An incised wound is an injury caused by sharp edged object drawn over the tissue. An incision cuts and divides tissue leaving the wound open and clean. The length of the wound is greater than the depth of the wound. Different types of incised wounds are therapeutic, accident incised wound, suicidal incised, and homicidal incised. Stab wounds are wounds produced by a pointed and or sharp instrument being forced into the tissue usually in a thrusting manner. The depth of the wound is greater than dimensions of the external wound. Stab wounds produced by a cylindrical instrument with a pointed end may resemble small caliber bullet wounds. A bullet wound of exit in the skin may resemble a stab wound. References: Spitz, Werner U. (Ed). (2006). Spitz and Fisher’s Medicolegal Investigation of Death: Guidelines for the Application of Pathology to Crime Investigations, 4th edition