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Home Q & A Board Biology-Related Homework Help Genetics and Developmental Biology
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Eiffel Eiffel
wrote...
Posts: 16
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A year ago
Hi
I have this question.
Do Antisperm antibodies cause DNA fragmentation?

I read studies that state the opposite.

Here they state yes

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26409252/

https://hero.epa.gov/hero/index.cfm/reference/details/reference_id/3163767

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26409252/

https://link.springer.com/article/10.1023/A:1020525726674




..and here they state no

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20452032/

https://zenodo.org/record/3241507#.YpbBu2TOMVE

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/345694617_ANTISPERM_ANTIBODY_AND_MALE_INFERTILITY



They state the opposite. How is possible? Where's the truth? Science is an opinion?
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28 Replies

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wrote...
#1
Educator
A year ago
I would assume they *don't*. They attach to the sperm, which then leads to a cascade of immune responses that destroys the cell, immobilizing it.
Eiffel Author
wrote...
#2
A year ago
Thanks for the reply.

And then why the first studies said yes?

I think ROS can cause indirect damage in spermatozoa can survive.
wrote...
#3
Educator
A year ago
I was thinking the same. Immune response indirectly causes damage to the DNA.
Eiffel Author
wrote...
#4
A year ago Edited: A year ago, Eiffel
Thanks a lot bio_man.

So Doctor Zini is lying? Has he any conflict of interest?
Post Merge: A year ago

Quote from: bio_man (A year ago)
I was thinking the same. Immune response indirectly causes damage to the DNA.

How exactely?
wrote...
#5
Educator
A year ago
Quote from: Eiffel (A year ago)
So Doctor Zini is lying? Has he any conflict of interest?

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20452032/

According to the article's title: Anti-sperm antibodies are not associated with sperm DNA damage: a prospective study of infertile men, it coincides with my initial thoughts.

When antibodies attach to the sperm, my hypothesis is one of these mechanisms occur:

1) It neutralizes the sperm, causing immobilization or prevent it from fusing with the egg
2) Create large antibody complexes causing the cells the clump together and precipitate
3) Activate the complement system, thereby destroying the cell directly via enzymes
4) Enhance phagocytosis
Eiffel Author
wrote...
#6
A year ago Edited: A year ago, Eiffel
Quote from: bio_man (A year ago)
Quote from: Eiffel (A year ago)
So Doctor Zini is lying? Has he any conflict of interest?
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20452032/ According to the article's title: Anti-sperm antibodies are not associated with sperm DNA damage: a prospective study of infertile men, it coincides with my initial thoughts. When antibodies attach to the sperm, my hypothesis is one of these mechanisms occur: 1) It neutralizes the sperm, causing immobilization or prevent it from fusing with the egg 2) Create large antibody complexes causing the cells the clump together and precipitate 3) Activate the complement system, thereby destroying the cell directly via enzymes 4) Enhance phagocytosis

And then this?

DNA fragmentation was more highly expressed and was 1.6 and 1.3 times more frequent compared with the fertile and the ASA-negative patients, respectively (p<0.001 and p<0.05).

Maybe we can say.
ASA don't cause DNA fragmentation directly, but the consequent immune response inderectly causes it. So the presence of ASA causes DNA fragmentation for enhancing ROS. But how is the second mechanism?
wrote...
#7
Educator
A year ago
Quote from: Eiffel (A year ago)
ASA don't cause DNA fragmentation directly, but the consequent immune response inderectly causes it.

Yes, these are my thoughts, fragmenting the DNA otherwise isn't possible.

Quote
So the presence of ASA causes DNA fragmentation for enhancing ROS.

High local concentrations of ROS are produced by immune cells to kill pathogens, and in this case, sperm cells. Excess cellular levels of ROS cause damage to proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, membranes and organelles, which can lead to activation of cell death processes such as apoptosis.
Eiffel Author
wrote...
#8
A year ago
Quote from: bio_man (A year ago)
Quote from: Eiffel (A year ago)
ASA don't cause DNA fragmentation directly, but the consequent immune response inderectly causes it.
Yes, these are my thoughts, fragmenting the DNA otherwise isn't possible.
Quote
So the presence of ASA causes DNA fragmentation for enhancing ROS.
High local concentrations of ROS are produced by immune cells to kill pathogens, and in this case, sperm cells. Excess cellular levels of ROS cause damage to proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, membranes and organelles, which can lead to activation of cell death processes such as apoptosis.

But if sperm cells survive and undergo ROS, but not up to apoptosis they' ll get dna fragmentation.Right?
wrote...
#9
Educator
A year ago
At that point the entire cell will disintegrate, including the DNA. Which accounts for the fragmentation observed
Eiffel Author
wrote...
#10
A year ago
Quote from: bio_man (A year ago)
At that point the entire cell will disintegrate, including the DNA. Which accounts for the fragmentation observed

But those sperm cells detected with dna fragmentation seemed to be alive, existing and able to
fertilize an oocyte, but with a damaged dna.
I doubt they observed dead sperm cells with dna fragmented. If they were no more alive and able to fertilize an oocyte they loose the    appellation    of sperm cells.
wrote...
#11
Educator
A year ago
Quote from: Eiffel (A year ago)
But those sperm cells detected with dna fragmentation seemed to be alive, existing and able to fertilize an oocyte, but with a damaged dna.

Can you provide reference to this? How it is possibility to discover fragmented DNA if the cell hasn't been disrupted?

Think about it from a logical perspective: say you want to determine if people inside a house are ill. You must open the door to find out. In the same sense, you need to disrupt the nucleus to learn if the DNA is fragmented.

I'm certain you've misunderstood their findings.
Eiffel Author
wrote...
#12
A year ago Edited: A year ago, Eiffel
 
Quote
Can you provide reference to this?

It was a deduction of mine from the appellation.

Quote

How it is possibility to discover fragmented DNA if the cell hasn't been disrupted? Think about it from a logical perspective: say you want to determine if people inside a house are ill. You must open the door to find out. In the same sense, you need to disrupt the nucleus to learn if the DNA is fragmented. I'm certain you've misunderstood their findings.

Yes but they become disrupted to detect dna fragmentation. This not invole they are totally disrupted by ROS.

Maybe there are some sperm cells damaged but capable to fertilize an egg, then they become disrupted in lab to detect dna fragmentation.
Quote
Can you provide reference to this? How it is possibility to discover fragmented DNA if the cell hasn't been disrupted?

It happens when they detect dna fragmentation of very old men sperm. Their dna is fragmented, but still capable to fertilize an oocyte.
And the same when they detect sperm cells of smokers whose dna is damaged too.
wrote...
#13
Educator
A year ago
Quote from: Eiffel (A year ago)
It happens when they detect dna fragmentation of very old men sperm. Their dna is fragmented, but still capable to fertilize an oocyte. And the same when they detect sperm cells of smokers whose dna is damaged too.

So old people have fragmented DNA. I wonder how they can test for that? Why would an old person have fragmented gametic DNA? How often does it occur in comparison to a younger person? And most importantly, how does it relate to sperm being attacked by antibodies?

Now I'm the one asking questions Face with Stuck-out Tongue
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