21. Golden rice:
a) could help the 250,000 children each year who are at risk of blindness due to vitamin A deficiency.
b) is an example of organic farming.
c) supplies more vitamin A in one serving than an individual needs in a full week.
d) can make vitamin A without beta-carotene.
e) grows without a husk, thereby reducing the processing required before it can be consumed.
22. Tomato plants that have pest-resistance genes inserted into the genome can be called:
a) cloned organisms. b) genetically engineered organisms. c) transgenic organisms.
d) Only b) and c) are correct. e) All of the above are correct.
23. Bt corn is a genetically engineered plant. What feature gives it value as a crop plant?
a) The plant grows significantly larger ears of corn.
b) The plant produces better-tasting fruits.
c) The plant produces a toxin designed to kill monarch butterflies.
d) The plant produces a toxin designed to kill corn borers.
e) The plant produces a toxin designed to kill competing plants (also known as weeds).
24. Using traditional cross-breeding techniques, scientists have been able to create featherless chickens. Which of the following has NOT been shown to be a problem with featherless chickens?
a) Featherless chickens have trouble digesting corn.
b) Featherless chickens are ultra-sensitive to sunlight.
c) Featherless chickens are unusually vulnerable to parasites.
d) Featherless chickens are unusually vulnerable to mosquito attacks.
e) Featherless chickens have difficulty mating.
25. Genetically modified weed-resistant canola plants were cultivated in Canada, making it possible for farmers to apply herbicides freely to kill the weeds but not the canola plants. What went wrong with this scenario?
a) The weed-resistant canola plants spread by seed to neighboring farms that weren?t growing canola. The weed-resistant canola plants grew out of control, because traditional herbicides could not kill them.
b) The canola farmers applied the herbicide at such a great rate that it spread to other farms that were not growing weed-resistant canola and killed the crops on the other farms.
c) The genetic modification that made the canola plants weed-resistant caused them to become more vulnerable to some insect pests.
d) Canola plants can?t grow in Canada?it?s too cold.
e) Farmers were so successful in growing canola plants that the market for canola crashed and the Canadian farmers went bankrupt.
26. The loss of genetic diversity in crop plants can become disastrous. The Irish Potato Famine is an example of this problem. Which of the following is NOT a correct statement about the Irish Potato Famine?
a) The potato originated in Ireland.
b) Most of the potatoes in Ireland were genetically the same.
c) When the crops were infected by a rot-causing mold, all of the potato plants were susceptible and most were wiped out.
d) Most of the potatoes in Ireland were propagated from cuttings of the same plant.
e) In the mid-1800s, much of the population of Ireland depended on potatoes.
27. One of the possible concerns about genetically modified foods is that they might kill organisms that we don?t want to kill. Which of the following is an example of this phenomenon?
a) Bears eating genetically modified corn may be poisoned by the Bt gene introduced to the corn to act as a pesticide.
b) Featherless chickens look so ridiculous that other barnyard animals have died laughing at them.
c) The pollen from plants containing insect-killing Bt genes can be blown onto other plants. Insects that we don?t want to kill, such as monarch butterflies, may be killed by such pollen.
d) Genetically modified super-sized salmon have been known to kill the bald eagles that generally feed on them.
e) In the Irish Potato Famine, more than one million people died as a result of the lack of genetic diversity in the potato crop.
28. Diabetes is a chronic disease in which the body cannot produce ________________, a chemical that allows cells to take up and break down sugar from the blood.
a) aldehyde dehydrogenase b) human growth hormone c) erythropoietin
d) insulin e) polysaccharide
29. G