The pubic symphysis connects the two hip bones anteriorly and provides a little movement during childbirth. Choose the most appropriate tissue for this structure that is subjected to both pressure and stretch.
A) elastic cartilage
B) fibrocartilage
C) hyaline cartilage
D) bone
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Question 2) Prevention of osteoporosis includes adequate intake of ________.
A) potassium and vitamin D
B) vitamin D and chloride
C) calcium, and vitamin E
D) calcium and vitamin D
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Question 3) In some cases the epiphyseal plate of the long bones of children closes too early. What might be the cause?
A) elevated levels of sex hormones
B) too much vitamin D in the diet
C) overproduction of thyroid hormone
D) osteoblast activity exceeds osteoclast activity
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Question 4) Growth of bones is controlled by a symphony of hormones. Which hormone is of greatest importance for bone growth during infancy and childhood?
A) parathyroid hormone
B) growth hormone
C) calcitonin
D) thyroid hormones
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Question 5) Lengthwise, long bone growth during infancy and youth is exclusively through ________.
A) calcification of the matrix of the zone underlying articular cartilage
B) interstitial growth of the epiphyseal plates
C) differentiation of osteoclasts into osteocytes
D) the secretion of bone matrix into the medullary cavity
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Question 6) Ossification (Osteogenesis) is the process of ________.
A) making collagen fibers for calcified cartilage
B) bone formation
C) bone destruction to liberate calcium
D) making a cartilage model of the fetal bone
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Question 7) Spongy bone contains ________.
A) lamellar bone
B) osteons
C) trabeculae
D) osseous lamellae
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Question 8) Which of the following statements best describes interstitial growth of cartilage?
A) Unspecialized cells from mesenchyme develop into chondrocytes, which divide and form cartilage.
B) Chondrocytes in the lacunae divide and secrete matrix, allowing the cartilage to grow from within.
C) Growth occurs in the lining of the long bones.
D) Fibroblasts give rise to chondrocytes that differentiate and form cartilage.
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Question 9) Cartilage grows in two ways, appositional and interstitial. What is appositional growth?
A) the secretion of new matrix against the external face of existing cartilage
B) the lengthening of hyaline cartilage
C) along the edges only of existing osteons, making each osteon larger
D) growth at the epiphyseal plate
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Question 10) At what age do bones reach their peak density?
A) early adulthood
B) at birth
C) early childhood
D) late adulthood
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