The discussion about conditional reasoning pointed out that

The discussion about conditional reasoning pointed out that
 
  a. the easiest kind of conditional reasoning task is denying the consequent.
  b. conditional reasoning tasks are much more difficult to solve than syllogisms.
  c. negative terms (e.g., never) do not affect the difficulty of a conditional reasoning problem.
  d. the central executive is especially active on conditional reasoning tasks

Question 2

Which of the following statements about factors affecting conditional reasoning is correct?
 
  a. The length of a problem is more important in determining problem difficulty than is the abstractness of the problem.
  b. People typically make more errors with abstract problems than with concrete problems.
  c. People have more difficulty with sentences containing a single negative than they have with double-negative sentences.
  d. If a problem contains the word not in the antecedent, people have difficulty; however, the word not in the consequent does not influence response speed.

Question 3

Yesterday, Dr. Ling announced to his biopsychology class, If we are going to have a review session on Tuesday, everyone in the class will receive an e-mail message on Friday. Elspeth is enrolled in the class, and she did not receive a message
 
  Based on these premises, she concludes that the class will not have a review session on Tuesday. She is using the kind of reasoning known as
   a. affirming the antecedent.
   b. affirming the consequent.
   c. denying the antecedent.
   d. denying the consequent.