If the absolute magnitude, M, of a supernova is x 19 and a galaxy is found that contains a supernova with an apparent magnitude, m, of 16 . What is the distance to the galaxy? Hint: dpc = 10(m - M + 5)/5 using a scientific calculator.
a. 100 AU
b. 100 pc
c. 100 ly
d. 100 kpc
e. 100 Mpc
Question 2The greenhouse effect produces excess heat in a planet's atmosphere by
a. trapping infrared radiation from escaping into space.
b. clouds blocking the surface from receiving any infrared radiation.
c. trapping light gases from escaping into space.
d. trapping ultraviolet light in the upper atmosphere of the planet.
Question 3If a galaxy has a radial velocity of 8000 km/sec and the Hubble constant is 70 km/sec/Mpc, what is the distance to this galaxy?
a. 8.75 x 103 Mpc
b. 2.4 x 109 Mpc
c. 5.6 x 105 Mpc
d. 114 Mpc
e. 8.75 x 10-3 Mpc
Question 4The moon's distance from Earth is measured very accurately by bouncing a laser beam off of a small mirror left on the surface of the moon. If a laser is fired at the moon and the signal returns in 2.6 seconds, what is the distance to the moon?
a. 390,000 km
b. 390,000 m
c. 780,000 km
d. 780,000 m
Question 5If H equals 70 km/sec/Mpc, then a galaxy with a radial velocity of 2100 km/sec has a distance of approximately
a. 2170 Mpc
b. 2030 Mpc
c. 30 Mpc
d. 0.03 Mpc
e. 147,000 Mpc
Question 6One hypothesis suggested to explain the uniform age of the surface of Venus is that
a. Venus' surface is 4 billion years old and has not been affected by flooding or slow evolution.
b. Venus' surface is made of rocks that are much harder than Earth's and thus last longer.
c. Venus periodically goes through a catastrophic melting of the entire surface.
d. Venus' clouds protect it from meteorites so that very few impacts occur to change its surface.
e. dust storms deposit large amount of dust on the surface making it appear of uniform age.
Question 7Supermassive black holes are believed to be located at the center of many galaxies because
a. the rotation curve of the galaxy indicates that 90 of the galaxy is dark matter.
b. the orbital motion of material near the center is very fast and indicates a very massive core.
c. the shape of the bulge in all spiral galaxies can only be supported by a supermassive black hole.
d. the spiral structure requires a black hole to maintain the spiral arms.
e. the orbital speeds of a globular clusters in the galaxy are greater than the speed of light.
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