Describe the difference between lysogeny and latency.

Lysogeny is associated with certain bacteriophages such as lambda phage, and it is characterized by the formation of a prophage, which is a viral genome that is inserted into the genome of the host cell. At this point, the virus becomes quiescent, although it can now be replicated along with the host cell genome and is inherited by all the daughter cells of the host cell. As long as the prophage is contained within the cell's genome, no intact virus will be produced, although one or more viral proteins may be produced. Latency, in contrast, is associated with animal viruses. Some animal viruses incorporate viral genetic material into the genome of the host cell, and others do not. (For example, during the HIV infection cycle, a provirus version of the viral genome is inserted into the cell's genome.) However, the overall features of latency are the same as lysogeny, in that during the period of latency the virus is quiet inside the cell and does not actively produce copies of itself. A significant difference is that lysogeny can terminate with the prophage excising from the host DNA and resuming a lytic infection, whereas reactivation of latent infection does not involve excision of provirus.